The logging and borehole geophysical prospecting work conducted byunits affiliated to Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources started in1954.Since then, the following major achievements have been gained:1. Logging tasks for energy and ore resources have been successfully com-pleted, yielding marked results;2. Hydrologic logging has developed steadily, and its techniques have madeprogressive advance;3. The field of borehole geophysical prospecting has been opened up, whichlays the foundation of prospecting for hole-bottom or near-hole concealedorebody;4. The application of logging in the determination of orebed grade in situand in the regional geophysical prospecting has been expanded;5. Rather notable technical progress and scientific as well as technologicalachievements have been made.The following problems, however, remain to be solved:1. The role of underground geophysical prospecting has not been adequatelyestimated, and no formal and complete technological regulations are formu-lated.2. The development of some methods, techniques and instrumental facilitieshave not kept up with the changing demand of geological task.3. Technical personnel and equipment are so dispersed that concentratedpowerful technical strength has not been formed.Based on an analysis of the present conditions, this paper points out thatunderground geophysical prospecting is confronted with a situation of coexistentchance and difficulty. The future objectives in this field lies in popularizingdigital logging technique and developing microcomputer-controlled boreholegeophysical instrument series characterized by real-time processing; besides, theunderground geophysical prospecting ought to provide service in all aspects andtries to participate in economic construction of the country more dlrectly.Suggestions are also put forward that logging should be conducted in four typesof drill holes and borehole geophysical prospecting should be performed inthree types of drill holes.

Based on the compilation of the joined marine-continental maps for Shang-hai and its neighboring areas, the seismic-geologic analysis and interpretationare made for maps of gravity and magnetic anomalies so as to extract infor-mation related to seismism. The eastern deep boundary between the two largecontinental blocks of China is indicated; the boundary in Shanghai area bet-ween two great tectonic units, i. e., Yangtze paraplatform and South China foldsystem, is suggested; on the basis of a discussion on characteristics of faultsand general regularity of this area, this paper demonstrates the existence ofsome active fractures, thus providing basic data and scientific grounds for theseismic structural regionalization and the formulation of anti-seismic measures.

The geoelectrochemical exploration method is a modern prospecting techni-que based on elements in the form of water solution. As this method has thecapacity of recording composition of distant geologic bodies and searching forconcealed lorebodies at depth, it finds favor in geologists’eyes. This paperdescribes in brief the principle and technique of the geoelectrochemical explo-ration method, expounds experimental results of this method in gold andcopper deposits, enumerated in detail the outstanding contributions made byintegrated geoelctrochemical method in rapidly opening up the limits anddimensions of the orefield, expanding ore reserves and making ore prognosisduring the gold prospecting process in thick overburden areas of Xinjiang, andsummarizes preliminarily the most economical and effective explorationprocedure for extracting integrated information. These outcomes contributeundoubtedly to the popularization of geoelectrochemical exploration methodand the inference and interpretation of anomalies.

This paper presents results obtained from a systemtaic theoretical andexperimental study of foundations for ground water prospecting with IPmethod. It shows the relation of η and S_t responses with varied influentialfactors, formulates a mathematical model describing the discharing secondaryfield of IP, suggests an IPparameter called "degree of deviation" which is ofimportant practical value and, from theoretical and experimental study ofequal-ratio array IPsounding on the finite body and horizontal layel, indica-tes the anomaly law of apparent polarizabijity curves and the differencebetween equal-ratio and Schlumberger array. Tt also puts forward an inversedinterpretation method for the finite body and horizontal layers.

This paper deals with the computation, map compilation, and geologicalapplication of the airborne gamma-ray spectrometric variation coefficient, whichincludes variation coefficients of total counts and potassium, uranium and tho-rium contents. It is a parameter that reflects the features of spatial distribu-tion and the degree of geochemical activities of the radioactive elements. Themap of the variation coefficient is characterized by its abundance of informa-tion and extensiveness of application. In combination with other geophysicaland geochemical data, it can be used in geological mapping and evaluation ofmetallogenic prospects. Studies show that this coefficient serves as a very use-ful parameter in the interpretation of airborne gamma-ray spectrometric data.

The telluric electromagnetic sounding performed along QB-1 profile fromShiyan of Hubei province to Luoyang of Henan province reflects quite clearlythe geoelectric characteristics of North China platform and Qinling geosynclinalfolded belt that this profile passes through, delineates high-conductive layersin the crust and in the upper mamtle, and reveals two great faults that cutthe deep part of the upper mantle; it is also inferred that the low-resistancebody at the depth of Daping (Songxian county) might be a magma chamber.All these results serve as important data for the study of deep geology.

On the basis of geological, geophysical and geochemical a priori backgro-und, the author, in line with the train of thought of information connectionand conversion, has established an integrated model for copper-lead-zincpolymetallic sulfide deposits in Zhaertai Group of Inner Mongolia. Abriefdiscussion on the suitability of this model and its effectiveness in ore prognosisis also given in this paper.

In the past, mainly metallic and nonmetallic elements were used as indica-tors in geochemical prospecting for metallic deposits, and the experimental useof organic gases as indicators has been reported only in foreign literature inrecent years. As no such test has been carried out in China, light hydrocarbonanalytical method suitable for exploration of metallic deposits has pot yetbeen developed and tested. This paper presents a newly-developed analyticalmethod for light hydrocarbon. The sample is placed in a vacuum vessel anddecomposed with acid to release hydrocarbon gases which are then determinedby gas chromatography. Nine items(C₁-C₅)of alkyl olefin can be determined si-multaneously. The detection limit for the sample is quite low:0.1 μl/kg formethane, with detection rate 100% and relative deviation not in excess of±20%. The analyses of we than3000 samples prove this method to be re-liable. Trial survey with this method was conducted in lead-zinc deposits, golddeposits and faulted areas, where light hydtocarbon gases prove to be extensi-vely existent and form distinct anomalies. Facts show that light hydrocarbongases seem to be a good geochemical indicator which is worth further investi-gation.It is for the first time that the hydrocarbon gas survey was performed inmetallic deposits of China.