Seismic attenuation is an important factor which reduces the seismic resolution.The estimation of quality factor (Q) is the essential part of seismic attenuation research.Based on the time-frequency spectrum,the conventional Q estimation methods contain the spectrum ratio method and the centroid frequency shift (CFS) method.The estimation of Q by surface seismic data can be applied in the whole area and hence it is more feasible and economical.However,they are susceptible to compound disturbance.The separation of similar background method can be introduced to weaken the compound disturbance.The CFS method based on the frequency weighted exponential (FWE) is a stable estimation method but its theoretical accuracy is limited by the seismic wavelet spectrum principle.In this paper,the authors propose a more accurate and stable Q estimation approach by modifying the fitting method.Simulated and field data results demonstrate that the proposed method can estimate the quality factor Q more accurately and stably,which is important for improving the seismic resolution.