一种基于连续补偿函数的时变增益限反Q滤波方法

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2021.1160

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摘要

反Q滤波是提高地震资料分辨率和保幅处理的常用方法之一,在地震储层预测中具有重要的实用价值。长期以来人们不断加以研究改进,其中采用时变增益限振幅补偿函数的反Q滤波方法是当前研究改进的方向之一。本文通过对几种常用的反Q滤波方法进行研究,提出了一种基于Teager-Kaiser能量原理求取振幅补偿函数增益限的时变增益限反Q滤波方法,改进了传统反Q滤波方法中存在的不足。新方法基于平滑连续函数而不是基于常用反Q滤波方法中采用的分段函数或截止频率来计算补偿函数的时变增益极限,因此新方法具有稳定调整时变增益极限的优点,从而提高了反Q滤波的可靠性和精度,特别是对于深层介质的保幅及分辨率提高效果较好。本文用理论模型及实际资料证明了新方法的有效性及实用性。

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	邓儒炳
	阎建国
	陈琪
	宋鑫磊

关键词 ：振幅损失, 相位畸变, 衰减补偿, 高分辨率地震资料, 反Q滤波

Abstract：

Inverse Q filtering is one of the practical methods for improving the resolution and preserving the amplitude of seismic data,and hence it has important practical value in seismic reservoir prediction.Researchers have been studying the function of amplitude for a long time,and have found that the inverse Q filtering method using time-varying amplitude compensation function is one of the current research and improvement directions.In this paper,by studying several commonly used and effective inverse Q filtering methods,a time-varying gain limit inverse Q filtering method based on the Teager-Kaiser energy principle to obtain the gain limit of the amplitude compensation function is proposed,which improves the traditional inverse Q filter.The new method calculates the time-varying gain limit of the compensation function based on a smooth continuous function instead of the piecewise function or cut-off frequency used in traditional inverse Q filtering.Therefore,the new method has the advantage of stably adjusting the time-varying gain limit,so it can increase the accuracy of the inverse Q filter,especially for the amplitude preservation and resolution improvement of deep media.The effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method were proved with theoretical models and practical data.

Key words： amplitude loss phase distortion attenuation compensation high resolution seismic data inverse Q filtering

收稿日期: 2020-04-09 修回日期: 2021-03-03 出版日期: 2021-06-20

ZTFLH:

P631.4

基金资助:中国石油科技重大专项(2017E-0402);中国石油科技重大专项(2019E-26)

作者简介: 邓儒炳(1994-),男,研究生在读,主要从事油气储层预测方面的研究工作。Email: 2867252925@qq.com

引用本文:

邓儒炳, 阎建国, 陈琪, 宋鑫磊. 一种基于连续补偿函数的时变增益限反Q滤波方法[J]. 物探与化探, 2021, 45(3): 702-711.
DENG Ru-Bing, YAN Jian-Guo, CHEN Qi, SONG Xin-Lei. A new time-varying gain limits inverse Q filtering with the continuous compensation function. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2021, 45(3): 702-711.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2021.1160 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2021/V45/I3/702

Fig.1 常规反Q滤波振幅补偿函数走势

Fig.2 截止频率法反Q滤波振幅补偿函数走势

Fig.3 稳定因子法反Q滤波振幅补偿函数走势

Fig.4 自适应增益限反Q滤波振幅补偿函数走势

Fig.5 时变增益限反Q滤波振幅补偿函数走势

Fig.6 单道模型各反Q滤波方法补偿结果
a—衰减后记录;b—常规反Q滤波补偿后记录;c—截止频率法反Q滤波补偿后记录;d—稳定因子法反Q滤波补偿后记录;e—自适应增益限反Q滤波补偿后记录;f—时变增益限稳定因子法反Q滤波补偿后记录

Fig.7 不同Q值合成地震记录情况下各反Q滤波方法补偿后结果
a—原始记录;b—常规反Q滤波补偿后记录;c—截止频率法反Q滤波补偿后记录;d—稳定因子法反Q滤波补偿后记录;e—自适应增益限反Q滤波补偿后记录;f—时变增益限稳定因子法反Q滤波补偿后记录

Fig.8 叠前CMP正演道集时变增益限反Q滤波补偿结果
a—原始CMP正演道集模型;b—稳定因子法补偿结果;c—时变增益限反Q滤波方法补偿结果

Fig.9 时变增益限反Q滤波补偿前(a)后(b)叠前CRP道集

Fig.10 叠后地震资料时变增益限反Q滤波结果
a—原始T₈目的层地震剖面;b—时变增益限反Q滤波后的T₈目的层地震剖面;c—原始T₈目的层RMS水平切片;d—时变增益限反Q滤波后T₈目的层RMS水平切片

Fig.11 叠后地震资料时变增益限反Q滤波频谱对比分析
a—原始地震资料频谱分析;b—时变增益限反Q滤波后频谱分析

Fig.12 时变增益限反Q滤波前(a)后(b)T₈目的层上部反演结果

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