This paper deals systematically with the basic concepts of amplitude dynamic range and instrument dynamic in seismic exoloration, and points out that the instrument dynamic range is an extremely importaant basic prerequisite in high resolution exploration, which must be designed on the basis of amplitude dynamic ranges of shallow strong signal and deep high-frequency weak signal. If the instrument dynamic range is small, highfrequoncy signal cannot be recorded, inevitably resulting in the decrease in resolution ratio.The paper also dsscribes briefly some means for selecting optimum instrument factors in high resolution seismic exploration.