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物探与化探  2024, Vol. 48 Issue (6): 1577-1587    DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2024.1360
  地质调查·资源勘查 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
伊敏盆地伊敏组煤层地球化学特征及沉积环境
李斌1(), 张跃恒2, 洪链涵1, 袁静仪1, 高婷1, 董振国2
1.韩山师范学院 地理科学与旅游学院,广东 潮州 521014
2.神华地质勘查有限责任公司,北京 102211
Geochemical characteristics and sedimentary environment of coal seams in the Yimin Formation in the Yimin Basin
Li Bin1(), Zhang Yue-Heng2, Hong Lian-Han1, Yuan Jing-Yi1, Gao Ting1, Dong Zhen-Guo2
1. Shool of Geography and Tourism, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521014, China
2. Shenhua Geological Exploration Co., Ltd., Beijing 102211, China
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摘要 

伊敏组煤系地层发育、埋藏浅且赋存稳定,煤炭资源丰富,适宜露天开采,为了查明伊敏组煤层的分布特征并揭示聚煤规律,利用地球化学方法辨识其物源区古地理背景和成煤环境具有重要地质意义。通过系统采集研究区钻孔岩心煤样,进行煤岩煤质的测试分析,对煤层形成时古地理信息和沉积环境进行恢复和综合研究,结果表明,伊敏组煤层主要为褐煤,其次为丝炭,镜煤反射率(R0)均值为0.37%,原煤含油率均值为7.66%,全硫均值为1.32%。煤样CIA均值为58.45,表示物源区经历初级—中等风化作用;w(Si)/w(Al)指标均值为2.72,表明煤中矿物质来自陆源泥质沉积物;灰分指数K为0.34,代表煤层形成于低位泥炭沼泽环境;w(Sr)/w(Cu)、w(Sr)/w(Ba)、m值和n值指标表示煤层沉积期古气候温湿,蒸发量较大,古水体盐度较高;Sr、Ba、w(Ba)/w(Ga)值指标指示煤层为陆相沉积产物;w(V)/[w(V)+w(Ni)]、w(V)/w(Cr)、w(Ni)/w(Co)、w(V)/w(Sc)指标指示煤层形成于缺氧的还原条件。研究认为,伊敏组沉积早期,陆相断陷盆地萎缩,气候湿润,湖泊淤浅,形成了三角洲平原泥炭沼泽环境,为煤炭生成和聚集提供了有利的条件。
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李斌
张跃恒
洪链涵
袁静仪
高婷
董振国
关键词 ： 下白垩统,  煤层煤质,  元素丰度,  沉积环境,  伊敏盆地    
Abstract：

The Yimin Formation hosts shallow and stable coal seams, which are rich in coal resources and suitable for open-pit mining. To ascertain the distributions of coal seams in the Yimin Formation and reveal the coal accumulation patterns, it holds critical geological significance to identify the provenance setting and coal-forming environment using geochemical methods. This study systematically collected coal samples from drilling cores in the study area for testing and analysis of coal quality.Furthermore, this study reconstructed the paleogeographic information and sedimentary environment during the formation of coal seams for comprehensive research. The results show that:(1) The coal seams of the Yimin Formation are primarily composed of lignite, with durain being the dominant component, followed by fusain. Their coal samples exhibited average vitrinite reflectance (R0) of 0.37%, average oil content of 7.66% in raw coal, and average total sulfur content of 1.32%; (2) The average CIA value of 58.45 suggests that the source area experienced primary to moderate weathering. The average w(Si)/w(Al) ratio of 2.72 indicates that minerals in the coal originated from terrestrial argillaceous sediments. The ash index (K) of 0.34 implies that the coal seams formed in a low-level peat swamp environment. The w(Sr)/w(Cu), w(Sr)/w(Ba), w(Mg)/w(Al) (m), and w(Ca)/w(Fe) (n) ratios signify warm and humid paleoclimate, significant evaporation, and high salinity of ancient water bodies during the coal seam sedimentation stage. The Sr, Ba, and w(Ba)/w(Ga) values denote that the coal seams resulted from continental sedimentation. The w(V)/[w(V)+w(Ni)], w(V)/w(Cr), w(Ni)/w(Co), and w(V)/w(Sc) ratios demonstrate that the coal seams formed under anoxic reducing conditions. This study posited that the early sedimentary stage of the Yimin Formation saw the reduced continental faulted basin, humid climate, and lake siltation, forming a peat swamp environment in the deltaic plain, thus creating favorable conditions for coal generation and accumulation.
Key words： lower Cretaceous    coal seam quality    element abundance    sedimentary environment    Yimin Basin
收稿日期: 2023-08-18      修回日期: 2023-11-19      出版日期: 2024-12-20
ZTFLH:  P595  
  P531  
基金资助:神华神东电力有限责任公司科技创新项目“宁东煤矿南部区构造特征及煤层对比控制”(SGEG-FZB-2024-D4-KX-752);韩山师范学院重点项目(理科)“鄂尔多斯盆地大柳塔地区活鸡兔—补连塔侏罗系层序地层及聚煤规律研究”(XZ202104)
引用本文:   
李斌, 张跃恒, 洪链涵, 袁静仪, 高婷, 董振国. 伊敏盆地伊敏组煤层地球化学特征及沉积环境[J]. 物探与化探, 2024, 48(6): 1577-1587.
Li Bin, Zhang Yue-Heng, Hong Lian-Han, Yuan Jing-Yi, Gao Ting, Dong Zhen-Guo. Geochemical characteristics and sedimentary environment of coal seams in the Yimin Formation in the Yimin Basin. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(6): 1577-1587.
链接本文:  
https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.1360      或      https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I6/1577
Fig.1  海拉尔沉降区构造纲要和采样位置
Fig.2  白垩系下统含煤地层综合柱状图
煤层 煤质特征 显微组分 类型指数
TI值		 镜惰比
V/I		 反射率
R0/%
FCad/% Mad/% Ad/% Vdaf/% 透光率
PM		 镜质
组V/%		 半镜
质组/%		 惰性
组I/%		 壳质
组E/%		 矿物质/%
15-5下 23.79 10.72 19.13 46.36 35 59.93 0.59 0.66 38.83 -45.21 101.58 0.34
16-1 23.23 9.80 20.33 46.64 36 55.27 7.05 0.77 35.40 -48.12 7.84 0.36
16-2下 27.10 9.82 17.10 45.98 36 75.71 1.59 0.50 22.08 -58.12 47.62 0.38
16-3上 30.37 8.70 16.29 44.64 37 62.64 2.52 1.37 0.46 34.85 -48.12 45.72 0.39
16-3 33.30 12.01 11.49 43.20 41 72.15 9.14 6.69 0.56 11.46 -60.52 10.78 0.39
Table 1  煤质特征和显微组分
煤层 w(C)/% w(H)/% w(O)/% w(N)/% w(S)/% H/C原子比 O/C原子比
15-5下 72.09 4.78 22.41 0.68 1.04 0.07 0.31
16-1 69.95 4.43 24.67 0.8 1.71 0.07 0.33
16-2 70.11 4.82 24.24 0.71 1.00 0.06 0.32
16-3上 71.02 4.69 23.22 0.79 1.16 0.07 0.31
16-3 72.05 4.63 22.82 0.82 0.80 0.06 0.35
Table 2  煤元素组成和原子比
煤层 腐殖酸 苯萃取物产率/% 低温干馏/%
Tar.ad CR.ad Water.ad 气体损失
15-5下 14.34 0.50 7.07 59.64 19.47 15.00
16-1 13.66 0.72 7.68 60.87 18.39 14.00
16-2下 16.68 0.74 9.47 61.95 20.43 13.84
16-3上 17.00 0.69 7.22 62.20 15.34 15.24
16-3 17.20 1.65 6.84 63.54 15.34 14.62
Table 3  低温干馏600 ℃原煤焦油产率
煤层 煤灰元素/% 酸性氧化物
(SiO2 +
Al2O3)/%		 碱性氧化物
(Fe2O3+
CaO+MgO)/%		 w(Fe2O3)/
w(Al2O3)		 煤厚/m
SiO2 Fe2O3 Al2O3 CaO MgO TiO2 SO3
15-5下 47.03 4.65 19.57 10.87 2.72 0.85 7.51 66.60 18.24 0.24 2.83
16-1 49.14 6.54 19.51 8.28 2.11 0.78 6.87 68.65 16.93 0.34 2.64
16-2下 47.73 4.87 16.30 10.86 1.82 0.73 8.49 64.03 17.55 0.30 3.16
16-3上 45.04 8.47 16.06 14.53 2.37 1.70 7.80 61.10 25.37 0.53 7.50
16-3 39.64 11.50 13.15 15.59 2.58 1.81 7.22 52.79 29.67 0.87 21.50
平均值 45.72 7.21 16.92 12.03 2.32 1.17 7.58 62.63 21.55 0.45 7.53
Table 4  煤灰主量元素含量
煤层 样号 Sc V Cr Co Ni Cu Ga Rb Sr Mo Ba Th U
15上 M6 4.42 30.50 11.20 1.31 4.59 5.11 1.30 0.49 257.00 0.12 137.00 2.12 0.76
M5 0.20 28.40 8.41 2.29 7.00 5.37 1.08 0.53 156.00 0.34 75.60 0.75 0.14
M4 4.74 38.40 22.50 0.92 3.13 29.60 5.22 2.30 244.00 0.71 153.00 6.94 2.28
16下 M3 2.60 20.90 6.85 1.58 3.35 2.30 1.32 0.62 46.00 1.97 74.70 0.24 0.17
M2 1.47 18.40 10.10 1.51 3.54 12.00 1.14 0.42 117.00 0.28 274.00 0.78 0.22
M1 6.14 16.90 13.80 4.22 3.57 14.50 3.76 6.04 96.30 1.55 191.00 3.70 1.00
平均值 3.26 25.58 12.14 1.97 4.20 11.48 2.30 1.73 152.72 0.83 150.88 2.42 0.76
地壳克拉克值 22 135 100 25 75 55 15 90 375 1.5 425 9.6 2.7
富集系数Ef 0.15 0.19 0.12 0.08 0.06 0.21 0.15 0.02 0.41 0.55 0.36 0.25 0.28
中国煤
(侏罗系—白垩系)[6]		 3 13 12 8 11 9 4 7 79 2 150 4 2
世界褐煤[6] 3.86 37.38 54.53 32.01 54.17 35.32 5.22 32.64 206.82 6.18 249.91 3.3 6.06
Table 5  煤灰微量元素含量[5]
Fig.3  伊敏组15、16煤组CIA值(a)、w(Si)/w(Al)值(b)、K值(c)、m值(d)、n值(e)特征
Fig.4  伊敏组15、16煤组Sr(a)、Ba(b)含量及w(Ba)/w(Ga)值(c)特征
Fig.5  伊敏组15、16煤组w(V)/w(Ni)值、w(V)/w(Cr)值及Co含量特征
Fig.6  伊敏组15、16煤组w(Sr)/w(Cu)值特征
Fig.7  伊敏组15、16煤组w(Sr)/w(Ba)值(a)、w(Th)/w(U)值(b)特征
Fig.8  大磨拐河组—伊敏组沉积演化模式
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