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物探与化探  2023, Vol. 47 Issue (6): 1620-1626    DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2023.0162
  生态环境 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
青海省海东市三合镇天然富硒土地划定
张亚峰(), 姚振(), 朱明霞, 马强, 沈骁, 王帅, 贺连珍, 代璐
青海省第五地质勘查院,青海 西宁 810099
Delimitation of natural Se-rich land in Sanhe Town, Haidong City, Qinghai Province, China
ZHANG Ya-Feng(), Yao Zhen(), ZHU Ming-Xia, MA Qiang, SHEN Xiao, WANG Shuai, HE Lian-Zhen, DAI Lu
The Fifth Geological Exploration Institute of Qinghai Province, Xining 810099, China
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摘要 

以1∶50 000~1∶2 000的土地质量地球化学调查数据为基础,依据《天然富硒土地划定与标识》(DZ/T 0380—2021)要求,评价划定青海省海东市平安区三合镇土壤硒含量分级、环境质量、肥力质量和灌溉水水质等级。结果表明,三合镇土壤属碱性;土壤Se含量处于(0.093~1.938)×10-6,均值为0.425 ×10-6;土壤中Cd、Hg、Pb和Cr含量均未超过农用地土壤污染风险筛选值,研究区南部局部土壤中As含量大于筛选值;灌溉水水质达到《绿色食品产地环境质量》(NY/T 391—2013)标准,土壤肥力呈现有效磷、速效钾丰富,氮和有机质一般的水平。综合上述评价,划定集中连片天然绿色富硒土地40.46 km2,主要分布在张其寨、骆驼堡、西村、东村、祁新庄和三合6个村庄,其中可直接利用的耕地4.76 km2,占天然富硒土地的12 %;潜在可利用的草地7.84 km2、林地27.86 km2,共占天然富硒土地的88%。结合富硒产业规划和当地实际,提出在耕地区发展富硒特色种植业,在林草地区利用天然富硒饲草料发展富硒畜牧业的建议。
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张亚峰
姚振
朱明霞
马强
沈骁
王帅
贺连珍
代璐
关键词 ： 天然富硒土地,  三合镇,  碱性土壤    
Abstract：

Based on the 1∶50 000~1∶2 000 land quality geochemical survey data and the requirements of the Delimitation and the Logo for Natural Selenium-enriched Land (DZ/T 0380—2021), this study evaluated the selenium (Se) content, environmental quality, fertility quality, and irrigation water quality of soil in Sanhe Town, Ping'an District, Haidong City, Qinghai Province. The evaluation results show that: (1) The soil in Sanhe Town was alkaline; (2) The soil Se content ranged from 0.093×10-6 to 1.938×10-6, averaging 0.425×10-6; (3) The Cd, Hg, Pb, and Cr contents in the soil were all below the risk screening values of soil for agricultural land, while the As content in the soil in the southern portion of the study area was higher than its risk screening value; (4) The quality of irrigation water met the standard specified in the Green Food-Environmental Quality for Production Area (NY/T 391—2013), and the soil fertility was characterized by rich available phosphorus and potassium, and moderate nitrogen and organic matter. Based on the above evaluation results, this study delimited contiguous natural green Se-rich land of 40.46 km2, including 12% directly usable arable land (4.76 km2), and 88% potentially usable grassland (7.84 km2) and forest land (27.86 km2). They are distributed primarily in six villages, including Zhangqizhai, Luotuobao, Xicun, Dongcun, Qixinzhuang, and Sanhe villages. Considering the Se-rich industry planning and local conditions, this study proposed developing Se-rich planting in arable land and Se-rich animal husbandry by utilizing natural Se-rich forage in forest land and grassland.
Key words： natural Se-rich land    Sanhe Town    alkaline soil
收稿日期: 2023-04-11      修回日期: 2023-06-20      出版日期: 2023-12-20
:  X142  
  X825  
通讯作者: 姚振(1985-),男,高级工程师,地球化学专业,主要从事土地调查评价工作。Email:278409894@qq.com
作者简介: 张亚峰(1986-),女,高级工程师,地球化学专业,主要从事富硒资源研究及应用工作。Email:371221815@qq.com
引用本文:   
张亚峰, 姚振, 朱明霞, 马强, 沈骁, 王帅, 贺连珍, 代璐. 青海省海东市三合镇天然富硒土地划定[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(6): 1620-1626.
ZHANG Ya-Feng, Yao Zhen, ZHU Ming-Xia, MA Qiang, SHEN Xiao, WANG Shuai, HE Lian-Zhen, DAI Lu. Delimitation of natural Se-rich land in Sanhe Town, Haidong City, Qinghai Province, China. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(6): 1620-1626.
链接本文:  
https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.0162      或      https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I6/1620
Fig.1  研究区土地利用类型及土壤采样点位分布
成土母质 Se含量/10-6 土壤类型 Se含量/10-6 土地利用类型 Se含量/10-6 地貌类型 Se含量/10-6
第四系冲洪积物 0.490 灰钙土 0.548 耕地 0.478 河流阶地 0.490
第四系风成黄土 0.184 栗钙土 0.355 草地 0.345 中低山丘陵 0.262
西宁群泥岩风化物 0.361 黑钙土 0.210 林地 0.343
民和组砂泥岩风化物 0.252 灰褐土 0.307 非农用地 0.391
磨石沟组砂岩风化物 0.296 高山草甸土 0.294
六道沟群火山岩风化物 0.294
Table 1  研究区土壤Se含量分类统计平均值
富硒土地类型 土壤类型 pH Se阀值/10-6 条件
绿色富硒地 中酸性土壤 pH≤7.5 ≥0.40 重金属元素镉、汞、砷、铅和铬含量符合GB 15618—2018标准;农田灌溉水水质和土壤肥力满足NY/T 391—2013要求
碱性土壤 pH>7.5 ≥0.30
无公害富硒地 中酸性土壤 pH≤7.5 ≥0.40 重金属元素镉、汞、砷、铅和铬含量符合GB 15618—2018标准;灌溉水同时满足NY/T 5010—2016要求
碱性土壤 pH>7.5 ≥0.30
一般富硒地 中酸性土壤 pH≤7.5 ≥0.40 重金属元素镉、汞、砷、铅和铬含量符合GB 15618—2018标准
Table 2  富硒土地类型划分指标[13]
Fig.2  研究区土壤Se地球化学分布
Fig.3  研究区土壤As环境质量分级
项目 绿色食品灌溉水
水质要求		 实测值
值域(n=3) 评价结果
pH 5.5~8.5 7.8~8.1 满足
总汞 ≤0.001 <2.5×10-6 满足
总镉 ≤0.005 <0.6×10-4 满足
总砷 ≤0.05 0.00123~0.00166 满足
总铅 ≤0.1 <0.7×10-4 满足
六价铬 ≤0.1 <0.9×10-4 满足
氟化物 ≤2.0 0.04~0.07 满足
化学需氧量 ≤60 0.57~1.62 满足
粪大肠菌群/
(个·L-1)		 ≤10 000 1080~3660 满足
Table 3  研究区灌溉水水质评价结果
指标 等级 标准值域 各级样品数 各级比例/%
有机质
/10-3		 Ⅰ >15 57 35.6
Ⅱ 10~15 52 32.5
Ⅲ <10 51 31.9
全氮
/10-3		 Ⅰ >1.0 86 53.7
Ⅱ 0.8~1.0 36 22.5
Ⅲ <0.8 38 23.8
有效磷
/10-6		 Ⅰ >10 148 92.5
Ⅱ 5~10 9 5.6
Ⅲ <5 3 1.9
速效钾
/10-6		 Ⅰ >120 148 92.5
Ⅱ 80~120 12 7.5
Ⅲ <80 0 0
Table 4  土地肥力评价结果(n=160)
Fig.4  研究区天然富硒土地划定区
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