黄土塬地区双井微测井近地表Q模型的求取及应用

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2024.1227

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摘要

针对鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬地区地震资料分辨率低、子波一致性差的问题,提出一种近地表Q模型求取方法,进而开展地震数据近地表Q吸收补偿处理。以往通常采用微测井资料求取Q值进而插值获得全工区Q场,本文在前人基础上采用双井微测井资料计算井点位置的Q值和近地表速度值,通过最小二乘法拟合近地表速度与Q的区域关系函数,利用基础静校正初至波层析反演的近地表速度场,通过区域关系函数得到本区近地表的Q场,从而实现以微测井位置的Q值求得全工区近地表Q场的目的,进而开展叠前道集近地表Q吸收补偿处理。鄂尔多斯盆地黄土塬 “双复杂”地震资料应用结果表明,利用本方法反演Q场开展近地表Q吸收补偿处理,能够有效提高地震资料的子波一致性,拓宽频带,改善井震匹配关系,消除近地表对地震子波的影响。

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关键词 ：黄土塬, 双井微测井, Q吸收补偿, 子波一致性

Abstract：

Given the low resolution and poor wavelet coherence of seismic data for the loess tableland area of the Ordos Basin, this study proposed a method for calculating the near-surface Q-value model for near-surface Q-absorption compensation of seismic data. Investigations reveal that micrologs have been used to obtain the Q field of a whole survey area by calculating the Q value and subsequent interpolation. Based on previous research results, this study calculated the Q values of well sites and near-surface velocity values using dual-well micrologs. Then, the regional relationship function between near-surface velocity and Q was determined through fitting using the least squares method. Furthermore, the near-surface Q field of the study area was obtained using the near-surface velocity field derived from the tomographic inversion of the first arrival wave post basic static correction. Consequently, the near-surface Q field of the whole survey area were calculated from the Q values of microlog positions, and the near-surface Q absorption compensation of prestack gathers was achieved. As indicated by the application of the study area’s seismic data, which are characterized by complex surface and subsurface conditions, the inversion of the Q field for near-surface Q absorption compensation using the method proposed in this study can effectively enhance the wavelet coherence of seismic data, broaden the frequency band, improve the log-seismic matching relationship, and eliminate the influence of near surface on seismic wavelets.

Key words： loess tableland dual-well microlog Q-absorption compensation wavelet coherence

收稿日期: 2023-05-22 修回日期: 2023-12-02 出版日期: 2024-06-20

ZTFLH:

P631.4

基金资助:中石油集团公司“十四五”科技项目(2021DJ3705)

作者简介: 夏常亮(1982-),男,河北迁安人,硕士研究生学历,高级工程师,主要从事地震资料二维、三维陆地、海洋和多波、多分量处理及研究工作。Email:40959930@qq.com

引用本文:

夏常亮, 戴海涛, 李国强, 古发明, 吴德明, 韩利. 黄土塬地区双井微测井近地表Q模型的求取及应用[J]. 物探与化探, 2024, 48(3): 698-704.
XIA Chang-Liang, DAI Hai-Tao, LI Guo-Qiang, GU Fa-Ming, WU De-Ming, HAN Li. The calculation and application of a near-surface Q-value model based on dual-well micrologs for a loess tableland area. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(3): 698-704.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.1227 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I3/698

Fig.1 双井微测井示意

Fig.2 W井的层Q值与层速度值散点图

Fig.3 L线束Inline20线初至波层析反演的近地表速度模型

Fig.4 L线束Inline20线近地表Q模型

Fig.5 L线束Inline20线近地表Q补偿前(a)后(b)的叠加剖面

Fig.6 L线束Inline20线近地表Q补偿前后叠加剖面频谱

Fig.7 L线束Inline20线近地表Q补偿前(a)后(b)的单炮对比

Fig.8 L线束Inline20线近地表Q补偿前(a)后(b)炮集自相关

Fig.9 地震资料处理流程

Fig.10 L线束不同流程叠前时间偏移数据与测井合成记录标定

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