Based on sampling data from soil of deep and top layers, the authors obtained the standard contents of main heavy metallic elements in soil of a vegetable base in Jiangxi Province, analyzed the distribution and relevant characteristics of five heavy metallic elements in top soil of this base, and probed into the migration features of these elements. According to related laws and decrees issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, this paper preliminarily evaluated the present situation of soil heavy metal pollution in this base and put forward the proposal that the scope of this vegetable base should be reasonably regulated.The research reveals that there exists obvious accumulation of Cd, Hg and Pb in top soil (farming layer) of this vegetable base. Some areas have become "safeless production places" with the Cd, Hg and Pb contents of soil in excess of the Environment Quality Standard for Harmless Food Production Places stipulated by the Ministry of Agriculture. It is found that the original contents of heavy metallic elements in soil are not high, that the accumulation of heavy metallic pollution results mainly from the productive activity of mankind, i.e., from the prolonged unreasonable application of fertilizer and pesticide.