A technique for monitoring leakage hazards in dikes based on time-lapse high-resolution electrical resistivity tomography

Leakage hazards in dikes are recognized as a core issue threatening the safety of water conservancy projects. Their complex dynamic evolution characteristics significantly increase the difficulty of detection and monitoring. Traditional monitoring methods, such as manual inspection, sensor technology, remote sensing, and unmanned aerial vehicle technology, are generally characterized by low detection accuracy, insufficient efficiency, and limited penetration capability. Traditional geophysical nondestructive testing methods, including high-resolution electrical resistivity tomography, self-potential method, ground-penetrating radar method, seismic imaging method, transient electromagnetic method, and pseudo-random flow field method, can somewhat reveal the leakage distribution and location information. However, they still fall short in detection accuracy, temporal continuity, and long-term monitoring capability, failing to meet actual engineering needs. In response to the above limitations, this study proposed a technique for monitoring leakage hazards in dikes based on time-lapse high-resolution electrical resistivity tomography. Through high-precision resistivity measurements over multiple periods, the proposed technique enables dynamic tracking and precise identification of leakage hazards, providing reliable technical support for dike safety monitoring. The results indicate that the proposed technique can effectively identify abnormal areas within dikes and assess the severity and development process of hazards by analyzing the resistivity variation trend. Compared to traditional detection methods, the proposed technique achieves higher resolution and more comprehensive hazard information, offering a scientific basis for dike management and maintenance.