河南省桐柏县老湾金矿地球化学特征及深部成矿预测

    Geochemical characteristics and deep metallogenic prediction of the Laowan gold belt in Tongbai County, Henan Province

    • 摘要: 老湾金矿带地处秦岭造山带东段,南阳盆地与吴城盆地之间,金资源量达超大型规模,属形成于燕山晚期的中低温岩浆热液型金矿床。为了推动第二找矿空间的开辟,实现新的找矿突破,对老湾金矿59号矿体原生晕进行研究,采用多种统计方法探讨成矿元素之间的相关关系,寻找可靠的地球化学预测标志,进而预测深部找矿方向。研究表明:矿体原生晕轴向分带序列为Sn-Ba-As-Au-Pb-Cu-Sb-Ag-Mo-Bi-W-Hg-Zn,前缘元素Hg排序靠后,在成矿元素Au、Ag、Pb、Cu的后面,指示矿体向深部还有盲矿体,或原有矿体向-650 m以深还有较大的延伸;尾晕元素Sn在分带序列前排,指示矿体遭受了一定程度的剥蚀。采用相关分析、聚类分析和因子分析的方法研究了成矿元素与其他金属元素之间的亲缘性,其中Cu、Ag与Au具较强相关性,可作为矿区内找矿标志。前缘晕与尾晕的累加指数比值在深部-650 m处有升高趋势,且F2因子得分等值线在深部-650 m处异常较为发育且尚未闭合,说明-650 m标高以深仍有较好的找矿远景。综上分析后提出,研究区304勘探线ZK3041标高-650 m以深为找矿目标区域。在304勘探线ZK3041北部指导施工了预测钻孔,在-720 m左右成功见到59号矿体的延伸,根据各评价指标,认为矿体向下仍有很好的找矿潜力。

       

      Abstract: The Laowan gold belt is located in the eastern part of the Qinling orogenic belt, between the Nanyang and Wucheng basins. It boasts super-large gold resources hosted by moderate- to low-temperature magmatic-hydrothermal gold deposits formed during the Late Yanshanian. To explore the second exploration space and achieve new prospecting breakthroughs, this study investigated the primary halo of the No.59 ore body in the Laowan gold belt. Multiple statistical methods were employed to analyze the correlations among ore-forming elements. Accordingly, reliable geochemical indicators were identified to predict deep prospecting orientations. The results show that the primary halo of the No. 59 ore body exhibits an axial zoning sequence of Sn, Ba, As, Au, Pb, Cu, Sb, Ag, Mo, Bi, W, Hg, and Zn. The front-halo element Hg appears late in sequence, positioned after ore-forming elements Au, Ag, Pb, and Cu, suggesting the presence of blind ore bodies at depth or significant extension of the known ones to a burial depth of 650 m and above. In contrast, the rear-halo element Sn appears early in the sequence, indicating that the ore body was somewhat denuded. Correlation, cluster, and factor analyses were used to investigate the affinities between ore-forming elements and other metallic elements. Strong correlations were observed among Cu, Ag, and Au, establishing them as effective prospecting indicators within the deposit area. The cumulative index ratio of front- to rear-halo elements showed an increasing trend at a burial depth of 650 m, where a well-developed and non-closed anomaly was revealed by the F2 factor score contour. This suggests promising prospecting potential at this depth and deeper parts. Based on the comprehensive analysis, this study posits that the area at and below the burial depth of 650 m in borehole ZK3041 along the exploration line 304 is an exploration target. A prediction borehole drilled north of borehole ZK3041 saw the extension of No.59 ore body at a burial depth of about 720 m. Moreover, the assessment indicators show that the ore body still holds significant prospecting potential in the deeper part.

       

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