基于交叉注意力机制的智能化横波速度测井曲线预测方法

    An intelligent log-based method for predicting shear wave velocity based on a cross-attention mechanism

    • 摘要: 横波速度是表征岩石弹性性质与流体敏感性的关键参数,在地震波阻抗反演、地层识别及岩石物理建模等研究中具有重要意义。然而,受采集成本及技术等问题,常存在数据缺失或精度不足的问题。为此,本文提出一种融合二维卷积神经网络、状态空间模型与交叉注意力机制的横波速度智能预测方法。该方法通过二维卷积神经网络和状态空间模型分别捕捉局部空间特征和纵向时序依赖关系,并利用交叉注意力机制实现空间与时间特征的深度融合,从而提升网络对关键地质信息的感知能力。此外,为增强网络的可解释性,本文引入基于Shapley additive explanations的解释性分析方法,量化不同测井参数对横波速度预测的贡献度。实验结果表明,本文所提方法在预测精度与泛化能力方面均优于传统单一神经网络,且能有效揭示横波速度与常规测井参数之间的物理关联,为复杂储层条件下横波速度的快速、可靠预测提供了新的思路与技术支撑。

       

      Abstract: Shear wave velocity serves as a key parameter for characterizing the elastic properties of rocks and their sensitivity to fluids, playing a significant role in seismic wave impedance inversion, stratigraphic identification, and rock physics modeling. However, the limitations in acquisition costs and technologies often lead to data gaps or insufficient accuracy for shear wave velocity. Hence, this study proposed an intelligent method for predicting shear wave velocity by integrating the two-dimensional convolutional neural network (2DCNN), a state-space model, and a cross-attention mechanism. The 2DCNN and the state-space model can capture local spatial features and longitudinal temporal dependencies, respectively, while the cross-attention mechanism enables the deep fusion of spatial and temporal features, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of the network to key geological information. Additionally, to improve model explainability, an explanatory analysis method based on Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) was employed to quantify the contributions of different log parameters to the shear wave velocity prediction. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperformed traditional individual neural networks in both prediction accuracy and generalization capability. Moreover, it effectively revealed the physical relationships between shear wave velocity and conventional log parameters. Therefore, the proposed method provides a novel approach and technical support for rapidly and reliably predicting shear wave velocity under complex reservoir conditions.

       

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