基于CNN-BiLSTM模型的致密砂岩储层孔隙度预测方法

    A CNN-BiLSTM model-based porosity prediction method for tight sandstone reservoirs

    • 摘要: 孔隙度是描述储层物理性质的重要参数,孔隙度预测的准确性对油气勘探开发、油气藏地质建模和精细评价具有重要意义。针对致密砂岩储层低孔、低渗及非均质性强的特点,本文提出一种融合卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)和双向长短期记忆网络(bidirectional long short-term memory, BiLSTM)的储层孔隙度预测模型,用于从测井数据中提取特征并建立其与孔隙度参数之间的复杂非线性关联。首先,依据岩石物理模型筛选出与孔隙度显著相关的敏感弹性参数作为输入参数,随后借助卷积神经网络提取反演数据中的空间依赖特征,进一步通过双向长短时记忆神经网络捕捉其前后的时序依赖关系,最终实现孔隙度的有效预测。开平凹陷A油田3口井的测试结果表明,相比常规深度学习方法,CNN-BiLSTM模型的孔隙度预测结果具有更好的精度及横向分辨率,验证了该模型的有效性。在此基础上,利用该模型开展三维储层孔隙度预测,通过输入储层反演获得的弹性参数数据体计算出孔隙度数据体,为海上开平凹陷A油田少井区储层孔隙度预测提供了新的研究思路。

       

      Abstract: Porosity is a critical parameter for characterizing reservoir physical properties. The accuracy of porosity prediction holds significant implications for hydrocarbon exploration and production, as well as the geological modeling and fine-scale evaluation of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Considering the characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs, such as low porosity, low permeability, and strong heterogeneity, this study proposed a reservoir porosity prediction model that integrates the convolutional neural network (CNN) and bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM). The CNN-BiLSTM model is used to extract features from log data and establish complex nonlinear correlations between these features and porosity parameters. First, using petrophysical models, sensitive elastic parameters, which are significantly correlated with porosity, are selected as input parameters. Second, the spatially dependent features are extracted from the inversion data using the CNN. Third, the temporal dependencies throughout the data sequence are captured by BiLSTM. These processes contribute to effective porosity prediction. The test results of three wells in oilfield A, Kaiping sag, demonstrate that compared to conventional deep learning methods, the CNN-BiLSTM model achieved higher accuracy and lateral resolution in porosity prediction, verifying its effectiveness. Furthermore, the CNN-BiLSTM model was applied for the 3D reservoir porosity prediction by calculating the porosity data volume from elastic parameter volumes obtained through reservoir inversion. Overall, this study provides a novel approach for predicting reservoir porosity in the sparse well area of oilfield A, offshore Kaiping sag.

       

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