开发地震沉积学方法在松辽盆地M2区块扶余油层砂岩预测中的应用

    Application of development-scale seismic sedimentology to sandstone prediction in the Fuyu oil layer, Block M2, Songliao Basin

    • 摘要: 松辽盆地北部长垣南地区扶余油层砂岩储层发育,是大庆油田增储建产的重点区域,孔隙度为9.0%~13.6%,渗透率为0.1%~3.21%,属于致密砂岩储层,需要采用水平井+大规模体积压裂的方式开发动用,因而对砂体预测提出了较高的精度要求。本区扶余油层的主要储层以扶Ⅰ油层组、扶Ⅱ油层组为主,其沉积环境以三角洲平原亚相为主,砂体分布具有平面变化快、单层厚度薄、纵向错叠分布的特征,砂体的地震响应特征复杂,储层预测难度大。针对扶余油层致密砂岩储层的沉积特点,本文采用开发地震沉积学方法开展砂体预测,通过基于本区井参数的地震正演分析明确了薄层致密砂岩的地震响应特征,进而开展了地层切片自动优选、砂岩厚度平面定量预测等技术的综合应用。研究表明:长垣南扶余油层地震振幅与小层砂岩厚度之间存在正相关关系;开发地震沉积学技术的研究与应用能够定量描述小层砂体平面分布规律,有力支撑了本区水平井开发先导试验区的井位成功部署与实施。长垣南M2区块扶余致密油水平井开发试验的成功,为松辽盆地北部致密油开发提供了示范,在后续的水平井设计与实施中应强化开发地震沉积学砂岩预测技术的应用,保障砂岩和油层钻遇率,为扶余油层致密油的成功开发提供技术保障。

       

      Abstract: The Fuyu oil layer, located in the southern Daqing Placanticline within northern Songliao Basin, contains well-developed sandstone reservoirs, holding significant potential for increasing the reserves and productivity of the Daqing Oilfield. These reservoirs are characterized by porosity ranging from 9.0% to 13.6% and permeability between 0.1 mD and 3.21 mD, representing tight sandstone reservoirs. Their development requires horizontal wells and large-scale volume fracturing, thus placing high requirements on the accuracy of sand body prediction. These reservoirs are primarily concentrated in the Fuyu I and II oil formations, deposited predominantly in a deltaic plain subfacies. In these formations, the sand bodies are characterized by frequent lateral variations, small single-layer thickness, and a staggering and overlapping vertical distribution pattern. These characteristics result in complex seismic responses, posing great challenges to reservoir prediction. In view of the sedimentary characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs in the Fuyu oil layer, this study employed development-scale seismic sedimentology for sand body prediction. Specifically, through seismic forward modeling based on well parameters, the seismic responses of thin tight sandstones were identified, followed by the integrated application of automated optimization of stratal slices and planar quantitative prediction of sandstone thickness. The results reveal a positive correlation between seismic amplitude and the thickness of sub-layer sandstones in the Fuyu oil layer, southern Daqing Placanticline. The development-scale seismic sedimentology technology quantitatively characterizes the planar distribution of sub-layer sand bodies, strongly supporting the successful well placement and implementation in the horizontal well pilot area. The success in the trial development of tight oil via horizontal wells in the Fuyu oil layer, Block M2, southern Daqing Placanticline, sets an example for tight oil development in the northern Songliao Basin. Therefore, the development-scale seismic sedimentology for sandstone prediction shall be given a high priority in the subsequent horizontal well design and implementation. This ensures a high penetration rate of sandstones and oil layers and provides technical support for developing tight oil resources in the Fuyu oil layer.

       

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