基于地物化多元勘查要素的隐式三维建模与深部成矿预测以黔西北某铅锌矿区为例

    Implicit 3D modeling and deep mineralization prediction based on geological-geophysical-geochemical exploration data: A case study of a lead-zinc deposit in the northwestern Guizhou region, China

    • 摘要: 滇东北—黔西北地区是我国重要的铅锌多金属矿产区,在本地区发现了多个大型、超大型铅锌多金属矿床,深部展现了良好的找矿前景。针对深部找矿投入大、风险高、难度大的特点,以黔西北某矿区为研究对象,融合地质、物探和化探资料进行隐式三维建模,并对该矿区深部进行成矿预测。方法如下:①利用地球物理反演技术和空间插值方法对音频大地电磁测深和激电测深进行三维建模,获得电阻率和极化率模型;②根据钻孔数据和成矿地质特征,利用机器学习K-means 聚类构建地层模型,根据断层的地表产状,并结合音频大地电磁测深构建断层模型;③基于电阻率模型、地层模型和断层模型,利用成矿条件分析法进行三维成矿预测,圈定深部找矿靶区,指导深部钻孔布设。经钻孔工程验证,所圈定靶区切实可靠。基于地物化的隐式三维建模可充分利用已知数据预测未知区域,为隐式三维建模提供充足的样本,有利于在现有工作条件下构建更高精度的地质模型,进而为覆盖区找矿和老矿山深边部增储找矿预测提供参考。

       

      Abstract: The northeastern Yunnan - northwestern Guizhou region represents a significant lead-zinc polymetallic mineral province in China, where multiple large and super-large lead-zinc polymetallic deposits have been discovered, demonstrating considerable potential for deep mineral prospecting. However, deep mineral prospecting faces challenges, such as high costs, significant risks, and technical difficulties. Hence, by integrating the geological-geophysical-geochemical exploration data, this study conducted implicit 3D modeling of a deposit in the northwestern Guizhou region, followed by deep mineralization prediction of this deposit. The specific methodology is as follows. First, the 3D resistivity and polarizability models are generated through geophysical inversion and spatial interpolation of the audio-frequency magnetotelluric (AMT) and induced polarization (IP) sounding data. Second, based on borehole data and mineralization-related geological characteristics, a stratigraphic model is established using the K-means clustering algorithm in machine learning; a fault model is developed by integrating surface fault occurrences and AMT interpretations. Third, based on the resistivity, stratigraphic, and fault models, 3D mineralization prediction is conducted using the mineralization condition analysis method. Finally, the deep mineral prospecting targets can be delineated to guide the deep borehole arrangement. Drilling verification confirms the high reliability of the targets delineated using the above methodology. Overall, the implicit 3D modeling based on the geological-geophysical-geochemical exploration data can effectively predict unknown areas using known information. This approach provides sufficient samples for implicit 3D modeling, thereby assisting in constructing more accurate geological models under available conditions and providing a reference for mineral exploration in covered areas and in deep and marginal zones of old mines.

       

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