致密气水平井地震导向技术在金秋气田的应用

    Application of seismic steering technology for horizontal wells to the Jinqiu gas field

    • 摘要: 四川盆地金秋气田致密气资源丰富,受多期构造运动影响,侏罗系沙溪庙组正断层分布广,主要目标6号、8号河道砂体纵向叠置、横向相互搭接、厚度变化快、薄泥岩夹层发育、储层非均质性强等因素给水平井导向带来极大挑战。为此,建立了一套致密气水平井地震导向技术体系指导随钻跟踪。在高置信地震数据基础上,根据不同地质情况分别针对入靶和水平段建立相应的导向技术。首先,在区域速度基础上,利用导眼井和正钻水平井动态校正速度获得精度更高的时深转换速度,结合地质统计学反演提高分辨率,指导入靶;然后在区域成果基础上,结合已钻导眼井、水平井信息,分别采用处理解释一体化动态各向异性叠前深度偏移、动态地质统计学反演和叠前同时反演,预测地层产状、砂体、含气“甜点”,指导水平段钻进。实钻跟踪结果表明,该技术确保了水平井精准入靶,提高了砂体和含气“甜点”钻遇率,可为致密气高效开发提供技术保障。

       

      Abstract: The Jinqiu gas field in the Sichuan Basin boasts abundant tight gas resources. However, the application of seismic steering technology for horizontal wells faces significant challenges associated with the following geological factors. Specifically, influenced by multistage tectonic movements, the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation exhibits widespread normal faults. Notably, the main target No. 6 and No. 8 channel sand bodies are characterized by vertical stacking, horizontal overlapping, rapid thickness variations, thin mudstone interbeds, and strong reservoir heterogeneity. Therefore, this study established a seismic steering technology system to guide tracking-while-drilling in horizontal wells of tight gas. According to different geological requirements, this study formulated seismic steering techniques corresponding to target entry and horizontal drilling based on high-confidence seismic data. First, based on regional velocity, a high-precision time-depth conversion was achieved using the dynamically calibrated velocity of pilot and drilling horizontal wells. This is then supplemented with geostatistical inversion to improve seismic resolution for guiding target entry. Afterwards, building upon regional results and integrating information from drilled pilot and horizontal wells, a series of techniques were employed to guide horizontal section drilling. These techniques include the dynamic anisotropic prestack depth migration coupled with processing-interpretation integration, dynamic geostatistical inversion, and prestack simultaneous inversion to predict formation attitudes, sand bodies, and gas-bearing sweet spots. The practice demonstrates the effectiveness of seismic steering technology in ensuring precise target entry and increasing the drilling rate of sand bodies and sweet spots, thus providing a reliable technical foundation for efficient development of tight gas.

       

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