四川自贡南部复式褶皱翼部深层卤水勘查实践及其意义

    Exploration practice and geological implications of deep subsurface brine along the flanks of complex folds in the southern Zigong area, Sichuan

    • 摘要: 四川自贡地下卤水赋存盐也富集关键金属锂资源,卤水主要集中于背斜轴部,经多年开发,面临资源少、接替难的处境。褶皱翼部深部找卤研究相对较少,可能具有较大资源潜力。因此选取铁匠沟和向阳湾两个背斜与向斜翼部构造区,开展了地下深层卤水勘查。通过岩石物性调查与广域电磁勘探,发现深部存在差异明显的电性特征,结合地层、构造,对深部电性结构和低阻异常进行了综合解释。结果表明,研究区1 500 m深度剖面整体表现出明显的“上低下高”电性分带特征,须家河组下部—雷口坡组上部为较有利的目标层位;两个研究区均识别出层状、似层状或椭圆状低阻异常,且与区域探明的黄卤赋存层位对应较好。铁匠沟钻探结果进一步验证了异常解释的可靠性。研究认为,褶皱翼部同样具备地下卤水富集与保存条件,是自贡地区深部找卤的重要接替方向,可为老盐区外围资源勘查和地下卤水赋存规律研究提供新的依据。

       

      Abstract: Subsurface brine in the Zigong area of the Sichuan Basin contains salt and is also enriched in critical metal lithium, primarily occurring in the axial parts of anticlines. After years of exploitation, the Zigong area is now facing scarce brine resources and difficulty in reserve replacement. Fold flanks in the area may hold considerable resource potential; however, there is a lack of studies on deep brine exploration along fold flanks. This study investigated deep subsurface brine in the Tiejianggou and Xiangyangwan zones, which are located along anticlinal and synclinal flanks in the Zigong area, respectively. Petrophysical investigation and wide-field electromagnetic exploration reveal significantly varying deep electrical properties in both zones. Based on stratigraphic and structural constraints, this study performed comprehensive interpretations of deep electrical structures and low-resistivity anomalies in both zones. The results indicate that a 1500-m-deep profile in both zones exhibits significant electrical zonation characterized by low resistivity in the upper part and high resistivity in the lower part. The interval spanning from the lower part of the Xujiahe Formation to the upper part of the Leikoupo Formation is identified as a favorable exploration target. Layered, quasi-layered, or elliptical low-resistivity anomalies are identified in both zones, corresponding well to the occurrence horizons of regionally proven yellow brine. Drilling results of the Tiejianggou zone further verify the reliability of the geological anomaly interpretation. The findings lead to the conclusion that fold flanks also exhibit favorable conditions for the enrichment and preservation of subsurface brine, representing an important replacement for deep brine prospecting in the Zigong area. The results of this study provide novel insights for both resource exploration in the periphery of mature salt-producing areas and the investigation of the occurrence patterns of subsurface brine.

       

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