改进AVO反射率反演方法及其在四川盆地TJ地区须家河组致密砂岩储层预测中的应用

    An improved AVO reflectivity inversion method and its application to the prediction of tight sandstone reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation, TJ area, Sichuan Basin

    • 摘要: 四川盆地须家河组辫状河三角洲相致密砂岩储层是油气增储上产的重要领域。TJ地区须家河组埋藏较深、岩性复杂、优势岩相岩石物理规律不清及储层横向变化快,导致储层预测精度不足。针对存在的预测难点,首先考虑多矿物组分影响,开展广义Xu-White岩石物理建模,准确构建岩性、储层识别因子;然后,建立时间—偏移距双约束反射率目标函数,改进AVO反射率提取方法,获得准确的三元反射率体,开展贝叶斯模型反演,获得高分辨率的叠前弹性参数体;最后,结合岩性、储层识别因子,通过叠前高分辨率反演结果,精细预测砂岩储层分布。该方法在TJ地区准确预测了砂岩及储层分布,对强非均质性致密砂岩储层预测取得了较好的效果,为致密砂岩叠前储层预测提供了新思路。

       

      Abstract: The tight sandstone reservoirs of the braided river delta facies in the Xujiahe Formation of the Sichuan Basin represent a critical target for the reserve growth and production addition of hydrocarbons. In the TJ area, the Xujiahe Formation exhibits deep burial depths, complex lithologies, unconfirmed petrophysical patterns of dominant lithofacies, and rapid lateral variations in reservoirs, which jointly limit the reservoir prediction accuracy. This study aims to address the challenges in reservoir prediction. First, considering the impacts of multi-mineral components, a generalized Xu-White petrophysical model was developed to accurately determine the factors for lithologic and reservoir identification. Then, using a reflectivity objective function with time-offset dual constraints developed in this study, the amplitude versus offset (AVO) reflectivity extraction method was improved, contributing to the acquisition of accurate ternary reflectivity volumes. Accordingly, high-resolution prestack elastic parameter volumes were determined through Bayesian inversion. Finally, the distribution of sandstone reservoirs was predicted thoroughly by combining factors for lithologic and reservoir identification, as well as high-resolution prestack inversion results. The improved AVO reflectivity inversion accurately predicted the distribution of sandstones and reservoirs in the TJ area, delivering satisfactory performance in predicting highly heterogeneous tight sandstone reservoirs. This study provides a novel approach to prestack prediction of tight sandstone reservoirs.

       

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