砂岩型铀矿勘查多元地学信息三维地质建模技术研究

    A 3D geological modeling technology using multivariate geoscience information for exploration of sandstone-type uranium deposits

    • 摘要: 三维地质建模是一种寻找深部矿产的有效技术方法,但在砂岩型铀矿勘查中深部成矿预测方面的应用较少。本文以二连盆地哈达图—赛汉高毕一带为研究对象,融合研究区地质、物探和遥感数据建立了三维地质模型,据此开展了深部成矿预测。针对多元地学信息的特点,提出了一种采用不同深度的隐式建模方法,其中1 000 m以浅主要利用地质、钻探资料和地面电磁法测量结果进行建模,1 000 m以深利用重磁三维联合反演结果进行建模。最终的三维地质模型显示,研究区地层主要有新近系—古近系、下白垩统、二叠系、石炭系和新元古界,岩体主要有花岗岩和中基性岩;已知铀矿周围出现的航放铀含量高场、偏高场与含铀物质的运移、沉积、富集以及断裂构造运动有关。利用成矿条件分析法进行了三维成矿预测,圈定了3处与已知矿床具有类似成矿条件的远景区。本研究为在盆地内航放资料的解释和深部铀矿勘查提供了一种新思路。

       

      Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) geological modeling is regarded as an effective technical method for locating deep-seated minerals. However, its application in deep metallogenic prediction of sandstone-type uranium deposits remains limited. Focusing on the Hadatu-Saihan Gaobi area in the Erlian Basin, this study developed a 3D geological model for deep metallogenic prediction by integrating geological, geophysical, and remote sensing data. Given the characteristics of multivariate geoscience information, this study proposed a layered 3D implicit modeling method. Specifically, for modeling at depths less than 1 000 m, geological and drilling data, along with ground electromagnetic survey results, were primarily used. In contrast, for modeling at depths exceeding 1 000 m, the results from 3D joint gravity and magnetic inversion were utilized. The resulting 3D geological model reveals that primary strata in the study area include the Neogene-Paleogene, Lower Cretaceous, Permian, Carboniferous, and Neoproterozoic strata, with prominent rock masses comprising granites and intermediate-basic rocks. The elevated and slightly elevated fields of aeroradiometric uranium content around the known uranium deposit are associated with the migration, deposition, and enrichment of uranium-bearing materials, as well as fault-related tectonic movements. Through three-dimensional metallogenic prediction based on metallogenic condition analysis, three metallogenic prospect areas with geological characteristics similar to the known uranium deposit were identified. This study provides a novel philosophy for the interpretation of aeroradiometric data and the exploration of deep uranium deposits in basins.

       

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