Abstract: Understanding the distribution patterns of selenium in soils and crops is critical to developing selenium-rich industries. Enshi City in Hubei Province is known for its extensive selenium-rich soils, establishing this city as a promising area for selenium-rich agriculture. This study investigated Xintang Township in Enshi. Based on the organization and analysis of the geochemical data of 2 469 soil samples and 237 crop samples of maize, potatoes, rice, radish, cabbage, and tea, this study offered a systematic summary of the selenium distribution in soils and factors influencing selenium content in crops in the study area. The results indicate that the topsoils exhibit selenium content ranging from 0.14×10^-6 to 25.74×10^-6, with a background value of 0.81×10^-6, which is 3.7 times the national background of selenium content in soils. Selenium-rich soils cover 86.23% of the total area of the study area, and two NEE-directed selenium-rich belts are found. The spatial distribution of selenium in soils is closely related to soil-forming parent materials. Soils with Permian black rock series as parent materials exhibit notably higher selenium content, with an enrichment coefficient of 3.74. In high-selenium-content areas, rice, radish, and cabbage exhibit selenium enrichment rates exceeding 65%. Except for potatoes, crops display positive correlations between their selenium content and the selenium content in their root soils, with tea showing the highest correlation (P<0.01, R=0.84). This suggests a close relationship between the selenium content in crops and their root soils. The crops in cultivated areas with Permian black rock series and Triassic carbonate rock series as soil-forming parent materials exhibit high bioconcentration factors of selenium, with soils and crops with Permian black rock series as soil-forming parent materials presenting the highest average selenium content. This highlights the significant impacts of soil-forming parent materials on crop selenium content.