Abstract: With the continuous advancement of oil and gas exploration in China,the focus of seismic imaging has gradually shifted from large-scale overall imaging to small-scale complex structure imaging.Due to the inherent limitations of seismic wave propagation,small-scale and highly steep complex structures pose challenges such as difficulty in capturing interface reflection information and weak reflection energy.Consequently,conventional surface seismic imaging methods struggle to achieve accurate imaging of these targets.The seismic interferometry method can render the virtual observation system closer to the target area,improving the imaging resolution of complex interfaces, and achieving high-precision target-oriented imaging.This study conducted a theoretical derivation of the seismic interferometry mechanism and forward modeling of small-scale models.By comparing the generated interferometric gathers with actual reference gathers,this study verified the accuracy of the seismic interferometry method.Subsequently,this study applied the method to the backpropagation(BP) gas cloud model and a highly-steep structure- thin interbed model for numerical tests.The imaging results were finally compared with conventional reverse time migration(RTM) results,demonstrating that the seismic interferometry method enables high-precision imaging of deep complex structures.