Abstract: Given the low resolution and poor wavelet coherence of seismic data for the loess tableland area of the Ordos Basin, this study proposed a method for calculating the near-surface Q-value model for near-surface Q-absorption compensation of seismic data. Investigations reveal that micrologs have been used to obtain the Q field of a whole survey area by calculating the Q value and subsequent interpolation. Based on previous research results, this study calculated the Q values of well sites and near-surface velocity values using dual-well micrologs. Then, the regional relationship function between near-surface velocity and Q was determined through fitting using the least squares method. Furthermore, the near-surface Q field of the study area was obtained using the near-surface velocity field derived from the tomographic inversion of the first arrival wave post basic static correction. Consequently, the near-surface Q field of the whole survey area were calculated from the Q values of microlog positions, and the near-surface Q absorption compensation of prestack gathers was achieved. As indicated by the application of the study area’s seismic data, which are characterized by complex surface and subsurface conditions, the inversion of the Q field for near-surface Q absorption compensation using the method proposed in this study can effectively enhance the wavelet coherence of seismic data, broaden the frequency band, improve the log-seismic matching relationship, and eliminate the influence of near surface on seismic wavelets.