Abstract: The research on the soil’s geochemical background value and reference value is an important basic work in the field of geosciences. The publication of Soil Geochemical Parameters of China is an important result achieved on the basis of the China’s nation-wide multi-target regional geochemical survey and the high quality and precision big data studies. This paper outlines some basic requirements including the geochemical investigation method and the sample testing quality, and explains the acquisition means and accuracy level of the big data. We mainly discuss on a macro-scale the variation features of Chinese soil’s background value versus reference value, including:① to study the ratio feature between Chinese soil’s geochemical background value and the continental crust abundance of the world, and explain the overall characteristics and basic rules of Chinese soil element(oxide)background value versus the global continental crust abundance;② through comparing the soil element(oxide)background values of Liaohe river, yellow river, Yangzi river and Zujiang river catchment areas with the continental crust abundance, to study the variation features of soil element(oxide)background values of each large river catchment area from north China to south China versus the global continental crust abundance;③ through comparing the soil background value of the above mentioned large river catchment areas with Chinese nationwide soil background value, to study the soil background value’s variation features of each large river catchment area relative to Chinese nationwide overall soil background value;④ taking the soil background value of the “first environment, which represents the natural background with almost no human influence, as the baseline, to study soil’s geochemical enrichment characteristicsof the “second environment which is deeply influenced by human activities;⑤ through comparing the ratio features of “first environment soil geochemical background versus “second environment soil geochemical background of each large river catchment area and region in China, to study enrichment and depletion rules of the element index under different natural environment and geographic landscape of the whole China. The study of Soil Geochemical Parameters of China is on the basis of geochemical big data. With huge amount of information and very rich connotation, this study represents China’s high quality and accuracy, and is an unprecedented academic achievement and milestone in China’s geochemical research history. This study will provide basic information for many scientific fields including the pedology, ecology, environment science and biology; provide important basis for the research of major scientific subjects such as global change, global environment and global governance; and provide evaluation criteria for the scientific management and decision-making of China’s natural resources, ecological & environmental protection, agricultural & rural development and health sectors. Only by exploring some problems on a macro-scale in this paper, we have found many ecological information, natural rules and scientific questions which need us to make in-depth research and application practice. It is predictable that along with the in-depth research and extensive application of Chinese soil’s geochemical parameters, the geochemical research will be further involved into China’s economic and social development, make positive contributions to our country, and geochemical problems will be more concerned by China’s economic and social development sectors.The result of this investigation and research project is a concentration of many geo-scientists’ hard work and wisdom, shows us these geoscientists’ rigorous scientific spirit and respectable dedication and responsibility, demonstrates China’s high quality and accuracy, and represents the high quality geo-scientific advancement of China.