三江平原耕地土壤重金属元素分布特征及影响因素的多元统计分析

宋运红, 杨凤超, 刘凯, 戴慧敏, 许江, 杨泽

A multivariate statistical analysis of the distribution and influencing factors of heavy metal elements in the cultivated land of the Sanjiang Plain

SONG Yun-Hong, YANG Feng-Chao, LIU Kai, DAI Hui-Min, XU Jiang, YANG Ze

表1 三江平原耕地表层和深层土壤重金属元素含量统计

Table 1 The statistical data of heavy metal elements in topsoils and subsoils from Sanjiang Plain

参数 As Cd Cr Cu Hg Ni Pb Zn Sc 全部表层土壤,N=9873 平均值/10-6 8.85 0.083 65.09 21.76 0.034 25.69 25.62 63.52 11.75 中位数/10-6 8.40 0.075 65.30 21.90 0.031 24.90 25.5 62 11.9 变异系数/% 37.26 50.83 18.78 22.16 54.73 22.73 10.70 20.87 15.51 数据范围/10-6 1.80~116.8 0.009~1.740 16.5~281 4~74 0.013~1.25 5.8~147 2.3~68.3 24.4~225.1 2.3~21.9 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 8.41±1.30 0.076±1.39 64.27±1.18 21.38±1.24 0.032±1.282 25.06±1.22 25.53±1.10 62.09±1.21 11.72±1.16 黑龙江省A层背景值[24]/10-6 7.3 0.086 58.6 20 0.037 22.8 24.2 70.7 10.79 全部深层土壤,N=2697 平均值/10-6 11.16 0.075 71.40 21.98 0.036 28.42 25.97 71.33 12.17 中位数/10-6 10.80 0.072 75.30 23.6 0.035 29.50 26.3 73.6 13.1 变异系数/% 51.07 36.60 29.75 30.27 34.43 38.45 12.84 20.67 24.11 数据范围/10-6 1.82~225 0.013~0.36 9.6~371.6 2.5~98.25 0.006~0.274 3.4~294.4 10.75~49.6 13.8~142.5 1.6~24.6 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 10.50±1.34 0.071±1.40 73.11±1.19 21.78±1.32 0.034±1.34 27.48±1.31 25.82±1.13 72.44±1.19 12.42±1.22 黑龙江省C层背景值[24]/10-6 11.4 0.078 59.5 21 0.040 24.3 24.4 69.9 无 第四系表层,N=8383 平均值/10-6 8.21 0.079 65.50 21.88 0.032 25.43 25.18 60.47 11.65 中位数/10-6 8.00 0.072 65.70 22.40 0.031 24.80 25.10 58.00 11.80 变异系数/% 27.55 44.36 18.15 21.39 47.43 19.61 9.16 20.45 15.93 数据范围/10-6 1.80~43.45 0.009~1.167 16.5~121.6 4~49.4 0.013~0.986 8.08~47.9 9.2~61.75 27.4~212.1 2.9~19.1 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 7.96±1.26 0.074±1.42 64.86±1.19 21.52±1.24 0.031±1.253 25.00±1.21 25.12±1.08 59.16±1.21 11.61±1.16 变质岩表层,N=454 平均值/10-6 10.32 0.093 69.98 21.64 0.034 27.11 27.90 72.45 12.29 中位数/10-6 9.98 0.083 70.00 21.45 0.030 26.50 27.40 71.05 12.40 变异系数/% 41.44 59.11 20.61 24.02 50.82 23.00 12.39 21.32 13.01 数据范围/10-6 1.84~59.70 0.023~0.790 31.40~197.8 9.15~55.15 0.015~0.258 10.40~62.10 19.40~53.20 42.00~213.4 6.76~17.2 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 9.71±1.32 0.083±1.30 68.39±1.17 20.94±1.23 0.031±1.303 26.61±1.23 27.67±1.11 70.47±1.18 12.27±1.14 沉积岩表层,N=481 平均值/10-6 10.15 0.085 68.78 21.52 0.035 25.71 27.29 66.42 12.32 中位数/10-6 10.40 0.077 68.80 21.30 0.032 24.60 27.10 63.90 12.40 变异系数/% 24.45 44.98 18.45 18.35 37.57 24.55 11.78 18.10 13.10 数据范围/10-6 4.32~19.4 0.032~0.445 29.85~167.7 9~39 0.018~0.180 9.3~67.2 19.9~46.6 44~119.7 6.58~18 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 9.89±1.29 0.077±1.34 67.45±1.15 21.23±1.18 0.032±1.265 24.94±1.22 27.04±1.12 65.16±1.18 12.25±1.13 花岗岩表层,N=251 平均值/10-6 10.03 0.085 69.16 20.40 0.039 26.73 28.03 71.55 12.06 中位数/10-6 9.70 0.081 68.10 20.10 0.032 25.60 27.80 69.90 12.20 变异系数/% 38.19 30.83 21.65 20.20 198.07 22.73 14.36 15.21 12.20 数据范围/10-6 3.80~33.05 0.030~0.255 36.9~170 11.5~33.8 0.016~1.25 13.1~56.2 20.2~46 46.7~108.7 8.26~15.4 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 9.31±1.37 0.081±1.27 66.99±1.17 20.0±1.23 0.032±1.309 25.88±1.21 27.67±1.14 70.80±1.16 11.97±1.14 参数 As Cd Cr Cu Hg Ni Pb Zn Sc 火山岩表层,N=304 平均值/10-6 10.85 0.083 73.79 23.18 0.033 28.20 26.69 67.84 12.86 中位数/10-6 9.99 0.080 69.85 22.90 0.031 26.15 26.40 67.05 12.70 变异系数/% 50.85 28.56 25.29 21.77 29.46 31.06 11.73 16.48 14.02 数据范围/10-6 4.76~63.80 0.041~0.20 45~163.3 13.05~43.2 0.019~0.095 15.8~65.50 17.3~37.60 43.35~105.3 7.51~21.8 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 9.84±1.30 0.079±1.31 71.45±1.25 22.65±1.23 0.032±1.276 26.92±1.31 26.49±1.12 66.99±1.18 12.74±1.13 第四系深层,N=2214 平均值/10-6 10.98 0.074 69.61 21.88 0.036 27.99 26.09 70.11 12.02 中位数/10-6 10.65 0.070 76.30 24.30 0.036 30.30 26.60 72.60 13.20 变异系数/% 45.32 37.47 25.88 29.19 27.86 27.32 12.53 21.29 25.19 数据范围/10-6 2.35~225 0.013~0.22 9.6~262 2.5~38.9 0.006~0.095 3.4~146.9 14~49.6 13.8~120.8 1.6~24.6 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 10.30±1.31 0.070±1.45 71.78±1.22 21.63±1.35 0.034±1.33 27.42±1.32 26.00±1.13 70.80±1.21 12.05±1.28 变质岩深层,N=115 平均值/10-6 12.58 0.075 84.87 23.53 0.037 30.04 28.17 77.15 12.84 中位数/10-6 11.20 0.073 83.50 23.4 0.032 30.50 28 78.70 13.40 变异系数/% 140.56 31.04 33.76 40.02 41.26 45.93 12.75 16.17 19.40 数据范围/10-6 2.27~225 0.028~0.18 12.9~301.3 3.5~98.25 0.011~0.128 5.2~154.4 10.75~40.3 21~117.5 2.96~24.6 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 10.94±1.28 0.071±1.32 82.04±1.16 22.18±1.29 0.034±1.38 28.91±1.23 28.18±1.11 76.56±1.18 12.91±1.16 沉积岩深层,N=131 平均值/10-6 11.32 0.073 80.62 23.03 0.038 29.63 27.32 74.15 12.91 中位数/10-6 11.30 0.071 79.80 23.6 0.037 29.20 27.3 75.00 13.20 变异系数/% 28.61 30.57 20.99 22.93 32.25 26.65 11.71 14.90 17.76 数据范围/10-6 2.66~28.4 0.017~0.20 15.75~180.7 4.7~40.6 0.013~0.115 6.9~68.00 17.80~40.3 39.5~108.3 3.96~19.2 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 10.99±1.24 0.070±1.30 79.62±1.16 22.86±1.24 0.036±1.32 28.45±1.27 27.23±1.11 73.45±1.17 12.97±1.17 花岗岩深层,N=134 平均值/10-6 10.43 0.072 83.90 22.62 0.038 32.09 27.50 77.39 12.96 中位数/10-6 11.0 0.071 80.60 21.60 0.035 29.40 27.7 78.6 13.1 变异系数/% 27.39 26.53 32.29 34.66 37.41 68.26 11.76 15.79 17.73 数据范围/10-6 3.72~21.3 0.041~0.16 24.9~251.1 8.1~76.1 0.015~0.128 9.9~202.9 14.2~35.1 48.4~117.7 7.28~24.3 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 10.26±1.32 0.070±1.29 78.52±1.16 21.33±1.27 0.035±1.32 28.84±1.23 27.48±1.12 76.38±1.17 12.79±1.16 火山岩深层,N=105 平均值/10-6 11.47 0.081 93.37 26.93 0.037 41.64 25.72 80.67 14.30 中位数/10-6 10.95 0.079 81.20 24.80 0.036 32.60 26.1 80.6 14.2 变异系数/% 31.55 36.26 41.49 36.68 29.78 88.93 12.25 17.21 19.78 数据范围/10-6 2.39~28.4 0.032~0.33 45.4~262.6 10.2~76.1 0.013~0.115 15.5~294.4 14.2~40.5 42.8~142.5 6.15~24.3 (平均值±标准离差)/10-6 11.09±1.23 0.076±1.34 82.99±1.27 24.83±1.21 0.036±1.27 33.19±1.37 25.88±1.10 80.17±1.15 14.19±1.15