网络并行电法与传统电法超前探测效果对比

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吴超凡, 邱占林, 杨胜伦, 陈义兴. 网络并行电法与传统电法超前探测效果对比[J]. 物探与化探, 2015,39(1): 136-140.
WU Chao-Fan, QIU Zhan-Lin, YANG Sheng-Lun, CHEN Yi-Xing. A comparison of advanced detection effect between the network parallel electrical method and the traditional method[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2015,39(1): 136-140. 复制到剪切板

Doi:10.11720/wtyht.2015.1.22
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网络并行电法与传统电法超前探测效果对比

吴超凡¹, 邱占林¹, 杨胜伦², 陈义兴³

1.龙岩学院资源工程系,福建龙岩 364012

2.安徽惠洲地下灾害研究设计院, 安徽合肥 230088

3.福建煤电股份有限公司生产部,福建龙岩 364102

作者简介: 吴超凡(1964-),男,福建仙游人,硕士,副教授,主要从事工程地质、工程物探与地质灾害防治的教学与研究工作,公开发表学术论文数篇。

收稿日期: 2013-11-05

基金: 国家“十二五”科技支撑计划课题资助项目(2011BAK07B02 ); 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2010J01262); 龙岩市科技计划项目(2011LY53)

摘要

网络并行电法是以分布式并行智能电极电位差信号采集方法为技术核心支撑的直流电法,其数据采集模拟地震勘探方式进行,与常规电法每次供电只能采得一个测点数据不同,并行电法每次供电可同时获得多个测点数据,是一种全电场观测技术。运用两种方法对龙岩市新罗区大弯煤矿和武平荧石矿进行超前探测试验对比研究,并经实际巷道掘进揭露验证,表明网络并行电法技术较传统电法技术效果更好,效率更高。

关键词: 网络并行电法; 超前探测; 有效探测范围; 煤矿; 萤石矿; 低阻异常; 井下勘探

中图分类号:P631.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-8918(2015)01-0136-05

A comparison of advanced detection effect between the network parallel electrical method and the traditional method

WU Chao-Fan¹, QIU Zhan-Lin¹, YANG Sheng-Lun², CHEN Yi-Xing³

1.School of Resource Engineering, Longyan University,Longyan 364012,China

2. Huizhou Institute of Subterranean Calamity of Anhui Province, Hefei 230088,China

3. Production Department of Fujian Coal and Electricity Co., Ltd., Longyan 364102, China

Abstract

The network parallel electrical method is a direct current method with the "distributed parallel intelligent electrode potential difference signal acquisition method" as the core technological support. Its data acquisition simulates the style of seismic exploration. Different from the traditional electrical method in which every time of power supply can only pick out data of one measuring point, the network parallel electrical method can simultaneously obtain data of quite a few measuring points for every time of power supply, thus being a fully electric field observation. The authors used the two kinds of methods for the comparative study of advanced detection test in the Dawan coal mine and Wuping fluorite mine in Xinluo District of Longyan City, and conducted the actual tunnel drivage verification. The results show that the network parallel electrical method technology is better and more efficient than the traditional method.

Keyword: network parallel electrical method; advanced detection; effective detection range; coal mine; fluorite deposit; low resistance anomaly; underground exploration

Show Figures

直流电法^{[1, 2, 3]}是根据岩石电性特征和空间电场分布来推测岩石分布和性质的一种地球物理分支方法, 该方法对含水构造等低阻异常体的响应灵敏度高, 分辨能力强, 在超前探水中有优势。近年来, 直流电法在含水地质异常体超前探测研究中得到了更多的重视。在矿井直流电法勘探技术研究中, 刘盛东等人发明的国家专利“ 分布式并行智能电极电位差信号采集方法” 这一并行电位数据采集专利技术为巷道大容量数据高效采集的实现提供了可能^[4]。目前针对巷道超前及巷道周边含水构造体的探测, 一般在底板布置电极, 采用三电源跨步法进行数据采集与处理, 其有效数据量少,

解释结果较为单一, 判断精度较差。为此, 在龙岩市新罗区白沙镇大弯煤矿和武平荧石矿, 采用网络并行电法仪与传统直流电法仪进行了超前探测试验对比研究, 经实际巷道掘进验证, 网络并行电法技术探测的效果比传统直流电法技术好。

1 网络并行电法技术

网络并行电法是建立在高密度电法勘探技术的基础上, 它不但能完成传统电法的各种测量方式, 而且能短时间内采集海量数据, 从而极大地提高野外勘探的效率^{[5, 6, 7]}。数据采集方式采用的是一种拟地震的采集方式, 电法勘探的信号产生主要是通过供电电极AB向大地供电, 而地震勘探主要是单点激震, 针对这种情况, 网络并行电法仪器主要采用单极供电(AM法)与偶极子供电(ABM法)两种方式来进行数据采集与处理(图1)。

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	图1 网络并行电法采集电位

1.1 现场布置

现场布置如图2所示, 测线共布设28个电极, 电极间距为2 m, 探测长度达54 m, 电极起始编号为5#。由于场地所限, 无穷远布置于测线后方200 m处, 且待测区域位于测线前方。数据采集采用网络并行电法勘探系统。数据采集模式为:恒流时间0.5、2 s, 采样间隔分别为50 ms、100 ms。供电模式为单正方波。现场数据采集过程中对初始数据进行了预处理, 对无效点数据予以剔除。

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	图2 测线布置示意

1.2 数据处理与分析

首先, 根据勘探目的了解工区概况, 分析地质情况, 做好方案设计; 其次, 进行现场施工, 采集数据, 并做好现场记录; 再次, 进行数据解编处理, 输入相应坐标, 并导出解编数据。坐标系以5#电极位置为坐标原点, 沿巷道走向为x轴正方向, 垂直巷道走向

右方为y轴正方向, 顶板方向为z轴正方向。同时使用矿井直流电法超前探测解析软件(MRP)进行数据预处理, 并根据数据情况进行曲线校正、道间均衡、同侧异常消除等处理。此过程的关键, 是要进行修正拟合和干扰校正^{[14, 15, 16]}。研究认为:电阻率实测值Y与理论值y的差的平方和的最小值φ , 小于等于给定无限小值ε , 称之为最佳拟合, 表达式为

$\begin{matrix} φ = [(Y_{1} - y_{1})^{2} + (Y_{2} - y_{2})^{2} + \dots + (Y_{n} - y_{n})^{2}] = [\overset{n}{\sum_{i = 1}} (Y_{i} - y_{i})^{2}]_{\min} \leq ε 。 \end{matrix}$

在各种干扰异常信号叠加的情况下, 目标异常信号响应相对较弱, 为了突出目标异常, 将其转化为均匀空间条件下的异常结果表达

$\begin{matrix} ρ_{s} (i) = [\frac{ρ_{s 实测} (i) - ρ_{s 理论} (i)}{ρ_{s 理论} (i)} + 1] ρ_{0}, \end{matrix}$

式中, ρ _s(i)为作了影响校正后的视电阻率, ρ ₀为均匀空间条件下的视电阻率。

最后, 进行三维偏移处理并成图。三维偏移核心处理主要是在建立偏移模型的基础上, 对超前探测区域离散化并进行网格单元体视电阻率赋值, 然后进行概率成像。

数据成果如图3所示。图中红色虚线所圈范围为相对低阻异常区, 位于测线前方16~35 m处, 其视电阻率值较低, 且目标单元异常匹配处理(高分辨数据处理)显示该范围相似度较高(> 0.62)。因此, 该范围为低阻异常区, 富水可能性较大。

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	图3 大弯煤矿网络并行电法超前探测成果

2 传统电法技术

传统电法探测技术是基于高密度电阻率法, 采用三电位电极系, 探测掘进迎头前方含、导水构造, 其探测基本原理为:一个供电电极B置于“ 无穷远” , 另外一个则作为供电电极A, 电极M、N测量, 记录点O为MN中点。工作装置须满足:MN≤ AO/3, 即OB=(3~5)OA。

2.1 现场测试

本次所采用的传统电法(三点电源法)超前探测现场施工布置如图4所示。供电电极B位于迎头后方300 m外, 供电电极选取3个(A₁、A₂和A₃)并采取固定的方式, 初始A₁距离迎头18 m处, 测量极M、N向后方移动。仪器站布置在A₁前方。数据采集时, A₁、A₂、A₃三极固定(接铁极), 接在仪器发射极上, 无穷远也接在发射极上; M、N极(铜极)为跑极, 接在接收极上, 测完一点再跑极(M、N轮流跑极)。测第一点时, 先由A₁发射后测定, 再由A₂发射后测定, 最后由A₃发射再测定, 即测完一点。测第二点时, 发射顺序为A₃、A₁、A₂。测第三点时, 先A₁、A₂后A₃。之后测点依次类推, 直至测完。

2.2 数据处理与分析

在上述现场测试过程中, 对原始数据进行了预处理, 剔除了无效数据。在室内处理中, 采用与该电法仪配套的解析软件进行处理。首先进行观测系统坐标的录入工作, 然后提取所采集的有效信号, 对有效数据进行解编, 最后成图。

由超前探测成果(图5)可知, 在掘进巷道前方6~8 m处存在低阻异常, 该区域存在富水性强的可能性较大。但后期掘进情况表明该处不存在含水体, 只表现为距迎头3 m的后方构造(裂隙、节理等结构面)较发育, 中也不含水。但掘进至迎头前方16 m处时, 存在淋滤等现象, 存在含水体。可见图5没有显示低阻异常, 与实际情况相差较大。

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	图4 测线布置

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	图5 大弯煤矿传统电法超前探测成果

3 可靠性评价对比

图5显示, 传统电法技术的有效探测范围有限, 只能响应掘进头前方18 m的范围, 而且6~8 m低阻异常区不存在含水体, 与实际情况相悖。而网络并行电法技术可实现迎头前方35 m范围内的高分辨率观测(图3), 16~35 m异常范围的有效反应明显, 为低阻异常区, 相似度较高, 富水性较强。后经实际生产所揭露, 在该范围内存在一处贯通于构造破碎带中的含水体, 后续跟踪测试, 得出此处的视电阻率值在5~10 Ω · m, 且相似度高, 与图3中前期的测试结果基本吻合; 而掘进头前方3~4m处, 构造复杂, 不良结构面较发育, 但不存在水体; 6~8 m范围内无低阻异常响应与不含水的实际情况一致。因此, 网络并行电法探测效果相对较好, 可靠性较强。

为了进一步对比两者的探测效果, 在武平荧石矿+400水平掘进巷道中进行了两种方法的超前探测, 结果见图6。图6a中在0~25 m范围内存在多处低阻异常, 且2~5 m、14~16 m、21~23 m范围内的异常响应显著, 富水性可能较强。后期掘进显示几处异常区均含水, 其余电阻率值较高的几处也存在小规模的裂隙水, 迎头处存在较多的积水且顶板还出现冒水现象。探测结果与实际揭露情况较为吻合。而传统电法探测成果(图6b)显示的异常区(21 m、31~33 m)可靠性较差, 掘进揭露显示除了21 m处出现淋滤现象、存在含水体外, 31~33 m范围内不含水, 与探测结果不一致, 且21 m处的异常特征不太明显, 分辨率较差, 出现低阻晕团圈闭。此外, 在有效探测距离上, 网络并行电法较传统电法范围大, 达60 m(图6)。因此, 网络并行电法在探测效果方面优于传统电法, 误差小, 精度高, 可靠性更强。

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	图6 武平荧石矿超前探测成果

4 结论与建议

与常规传统电法每次供电只能采得一个测点数据相比, 网络并行电法可同时获取多个测点数据, 是一种全电场观测技术。传统电法技术在现场测试中采用跑极的方式, 使得工作效果大大降低, 而并行电法则是一次布极实现海量拟震式数据采集, 效率高。传统电法技术的串行采集数据效率随着电极数量增加而呈二次抛物线增长。在同样电极组合条件下, 网络并行电法采集数据量远远大于常规传统电法, 且可保证数据的同步性和真实性。

网络并行电法有效探测距离较传统电法大, 分辨率更高, 误差更小, 可靠性更强。但仅停留在点上的对比工作, 面上的研究还需作大量的试验和验证工作。

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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2012

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石学锋, 韩德品. 直流电阻率法在煤矿巷道超前探测中的应用[J]. 煤矿安全, 2012, 43(5): 104-107.

Geological advanced prediction in excavation process of coal mine tunnel and working face related to safety,quality and production schedule of coal mining project.The tunnel DC resistivity method is one of the most important geophysical advanced exploration in coalfield-hydrogeological exploration.In this paper discusses the principle,operating procedure and electrode arrangement method of direct current advanced exploration were discussed in this paper,and applied this method in the tunnel advanced exploration in one coal mine.The practical application results showed that the tunnel DC resistivity method can accurately reflect the spatial distribution feature of the low-resistance geological bodies in front of the tunnel,which provided the basis for mine water damage prevention.

煤矿巷道掘进过程中或工作面掘进过程中的地质超前预报关系到煤矿采掘工程的安全、质量和进度,直流电法超前探测技术是煤田水文地质中地球物理超前勘探的重要手段之一。讨论直流超前探测的原理、工作方法及电极布置方式,并将其应用到某矿的超前探测中,实际应用结果表明直流超前探测可以准确反映出巷道前方低阻地质体的空间分布特征,可以为矿井防治水害提供依据。

... 直流电法^[1,2,3]是根据岩石电性特征和空间电场分布来推测岩石分布和性质的一种地球物理分支方法,该方法对含水构造等低阻异常体的响应灵敏度高,分辨能力强,在超前探水中有优势 ...

2012

0.0

2013

0.0

吴超凡, 刘盛东, 杨胜伦, 等. 煤层围岩破裂过程中的自然电位响应[J]. 煤炭学报, 2013, 38(1): 50-54.

In wall rock failure process，the electronic escape phenomenon normally occurs，which causes the change of the natural electric field in the coal rock.Through the establishment of a numerical model and design of a rock mining simulation experiment，the authors found the natural electrical potential of rock at crack development site is reduced，and it is much lower with a full fracture development，while the natural electrical potential increases at rock compression area.The findings in the monitoring in coal mine mining demonstrate that in the three zones of seam roof，the natural electrical potential is low and stable at caving zone；more unstable and frequent alternation at crack development zone；high，stable and less changes at bending sink zone.Natural electrical potential alternation plays a guiding role and has practical significance for determining the fracture development level and scope of fracture zones at coal seam floor and roof.

煤层开采过程中，围岩破裂伴有电子逃逸现象，引起自然电场的变化。通过建立数值模型与设计岩层开采模拟实验，发现岩层裂隙发育部位自然电位降低，且裂隙发育越完全电位越低；岩层压缩区自然电位升高。煤矿开采过程实际监测发现：在煤层顶板“三带”中，垮落带自然电位低，且变化比较稳定；断裂带自然电位表现较为不稳定，变化频繁；弯曲下沉带表现为高电位，且极为稳定，变化较小。

2006

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... 这一并行电位数据采集专利技术为巷道大容量数据高效采集的实现提供了可能^[4] ...

2010

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胡水根, 刘盛东. 电法勘探中并行数据采集与传统数据采集效率的比较研究[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2010, 25(2): 612-617.

Some crucial disadvantages exist in the traditional high density resistivity method. For example the needed data would cost a very long time. So the advantages of seismic survey such as parallel and multiple data collection are well considered. The idea of developing collateral electrical data collecting most benefits from seismic survey. We develop two ways to collect data: one is monopole sending power(called AM method), the other is dipole sending power(called ABM method). In either way, the electric meter can make all electrodes work at the same time, so efficiency is improved sharply.

（1.Department of Mining Engineering Huanan Vocational & Technical College,Huanan,232001; 2. State Key Laboratory of Deep Geomechanics and Underground Engineering，China University of Mining and Technology， Xuzhou 221008，China； 3. Anhui Huizhou Institute of Subterranean Calamity，Hefei 230088，China)

在电法数据的采集方面:传统的电法勘探数据采集量少、时间长，从而效率较低，通过研究地震勘探中并行数据采集的优点，使电法勘探数据采集模拟地震勘探的数据采集方式.并行电法数据采集采用两种主要的采集方法：一种是单极供电（称为AM法）、另一种是双极供电（称为ABM法）.本文主要通过对数据量的分析比较得出: 在同样电极组合条件下,并行采集物理点的数据是随着电极数量的增加而成二次抛物线增长，从而使电法勘探数据采集效率得到空前提高.

... 1 网络并行电法技术网络并行电法是建立在高密度电法勘探技术的基础上,它不但能完成传统电法的各种测量方式,而且能短时间内采集海量数据,从而极大地提高野外勘探的效率^[5,6,7] ...

2006

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2009

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吴荣新, 张平松, 刘盛东. 双巷网络并行电法探测工作面内薄煤区范围[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28(9): 1834-1838.

The two-gateway network parallel electrical technology is first prevented to explore the thin-coal area within coal face，which is a new geophysical surveying means for the geological anomaly bodies especially within the large width of coal faces that are difficult to be detected by the conventional radio-wave penetration method. With more simple data-collecting modes，the network parallel electrical method realizes the synchronous potential measurement of whole electrode array；so the data-collecting efficiency is greatly improved and the signal-to-noise ratio is also well enhanced. The collected data can be used for resistivity inversion of different electrode devices. The two-gateway two-dimensional resistivity tomography makes full use of the data collected by the network parallel electrical instrument from the several survey lines of both gateways with the electrodes set in the coal wall along the central lines；then，the resistivity variations between the two gateways are acquired. Based on the electrical property differences between thin-coal area and normal coal seam，the capable resistivity images of thin-coal area are analyzed. In addition to the known geologic data，property and distribution ranges of thin-coal area can be analyzed. The exploration case for thin-coal area from the mechanized coal face in Zhangji coal mine of Huainan Coal Mining Group Corporation shows that，the method can explore the areal extent of thin-coal area within coal face，which gives a good guidance to coal production.

(1. School of Earth Science and Environmental Engineering，Anhui University of Science and Technology，Huainan，Anhui 232001，China；2. School of Resources and Geosciences，China University of Mining and Technology，Xuzhou，Jiangsu 221008，China)

提出采用双巷网络并行电法探测工作面内薄煤区范围，为煤矿工作面内地质异常区探测提供新的物探手段，特别是对传统的无线电波透视难以穿透的大面宽工作面，更是有益的补充。网络并行电法采集数据方式简单，实现了整条电法测线电位数据的同步采集，显著提高了电法采集数据的效率和信噪比，可进行多种电极装置的电阻率反演。在工作面双巷中分别布置电法测线，所有电极均布置在巷帮煤壁中部腰线位置，利用网络并行电法仪采集电法数据，将双巷测站采集电法数据进行拼接，联合进行二维电阻率层析成像，可以得到工作面双巷间电阻率变化情况。根据薄煤区与正常煤体间的电性差异情况，分析薄煤区可能的电阻率表现形式，再结合已有地质资料，分析出工作面内的薄煤区及分布范围。淮南矿业集团张集矿综采工作面的探测及验证实例表明，该方法较好地查明了工作面内薄煤区的展布范围，有力地指导了工作面安全生产，并取得了显著的应用效果。

2008

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2003

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2002

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2010

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韩德品, 李丹, 程久龙. 超前探测灾害性含导水地质构造的直流电法[J]. 煤炭学报, 2010, 35(4): 635-639.

A DC advanced detecting method that’s able to detect the waterconducting or waterbearing structures in front of the roadway headon in the coal mine tunnel along same layer was successfully developed by studying seven electrodes detection device system of mine DC method.The difficult problem that quantitatively forecasted the disastrous waterconducting or waterbearing geological structures and its locations in front of mine roadway headon with a longer distance was resolved.The electrical abnormal distribution information of the geological anomalous body in front of the roadway (or tunnel) headon was obtained after supporting interpretation technique treatment,by indepth studying the impact & the eliminationmethod of layered space,formation anisotropic,near the measuring electrode (M and N),and nonfront of roadway headon.The disastrous waterconducting or waterbearing geological structures and its locations can be quantitatively explained in front of roadway headon within 0~140 m. 

通过研究矿井直流电法7电极系探测装置系统，成功开发出煤矿掘进巷道顺层超前探测含导水构造的直流电法探测方法，解决了较长距离定量预测煤矿掘进工作面前方灾害性含导水构造及其位置的难题。通过深入研究地层层状空间的影响及消除方法、地层各向异性的影响及消除方法、测量电极M、N附近的影响及消除方法、掘进巷道非正前方的影响及消除方法等资料处理技术，获得了掘进巷道（或隧道）工作面前方地质异常体的电性异常分布信息，能定量解释掘进巷道前方0~140 m内灾害性含导水地质构造及其位置。

2010

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2013

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吴超凡, 刘盛东, 邱占林, 等. 矿井采空区积水网络并行电法探测技术[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2013, 41(4): 93-96.

With the mining depth increased in the mine,the water ponding in the mining goaf would be major hidden danger affected to the mine coal safety production and the delineation of the water ponding boundary would be the key to effectively prevent and control the water inrush from the goaf.Based on establishment on the boundary model of water ponding,the network parallel electric method was applied to the continued dynamic monitoring and measuring the goaf in mining face No7130 before the water drainage and during the water drainage process.Response features of water bearing anomalous body between the seepage field and the geoelectric field were obtained and were applied to establish the variation relationship between the water ponding boundary and the resistivity in order to delineate and analyze the water ponding scope in the goaf of the mine.The results showed that the water ponding boundary with an effective watery coefficient of 0.122 6 and the water ponding boundary delineated with resistivity parameters measured by the network parallel electric method would have a good consistency and would format the resistivity section at different stage during the dynamic monitoring and measuring.

随着煤矿开采深度的增加，采空区积水成为影响煤炭安全生产的重大隐患，其积水区边界的划定是有效防治采空区突水的关键。在建立采空区积水区边界模型基础上，运用网络并行电法探测技术对7 1 30工作面采空区放水前及放水过程进行连续动态监测，获取含水异常体与渗流场、地电场之间的响应特征，以此建立积水区边界与视电阻率之间变化关系，可圈定矿井采空区积水范围。结果表明：有效富水系数为0.122 6的积水区边界与网络并行电法探测技术测量得到的电阻率参数所划定的积水区边界具有很好的一致性，且可在动态监测中形成不同时段的电阻率剖面。

2013

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... 此过程的关键,是要进行修正拟合和干扰校正^[14,15,16] ...

2012

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郝治国, 贾树林, 文群林. 综合物探方法在采空区及其富水性探测中的应用[J]. 物探与化探, 2012, 36(S1): 102-106.

The study ore district is an integrated mine, whose excavation situation is rather complex. The authors thus put forward the systematic methods which combine surface geophysical exploration with downhole geophysical exploration so as to detect the goaf and its water log situation. First, three-dimensional seismic exploration is employed to detect the development of coal seam and structures in the ore district, accompanied by the delineation of anomaly distribution in the goaf. On such a basis, surface electric methods such as transient electromagnetic method and high-density electric method are emphatically used near the anomaly district to verify the existence of goaf and investigate the water-bearing and transmissivity situation of the goaf and structures. Then, downhole transient electromagnetic method is utilized to accurately locate the downhole anomaly near the goaf waterlogged area delineated by surface methods. The systematic application of the above-mentioned methods not only guarantees the high-efficiency production of the mine but also realizes the precise exploration of coal resources and emphatic detection of the goaf and its water quantity as well as effective reduction of downhole advanced drilling workload. Therefore, it has fairly reasonable technical and economic properties and is suitable for widespread application in the mine whose underground excavation situation is relatively complex.

1. Shanxi Shandi Geophy-Tech. Co., Ltd., Jinzhong 030600, China; 2. Shanxi Changzhi Wangzhuang Coal Liability Ltd., Co., Changzhi 046000, China

研究矿区为整合矿井,区内采掘情况较为复杂,为此提出并应用了地面物探与井下物探结合查明采空区及其富水性的方法。首先采用三维地震勘探查明矿区内煤层的赋存和构造的发育特征,同时圈定采空区异常分布范围,在此基础上,重点在异常区附近进行地面电法勘探(瞬变电磁法及高密度电法等)工作,验证采空并调查其采空及构造的含、导水性;进而利用井下瞬变电磁技术,重点在地面方法圈定的采空积水区附近进行井下异常的精确定位。在确保矿井生产的前提下,通过上述方法的系统应用,不但实现了对煤炭资源的精细勘查和采空区及其积水量的重点探测,同时还有效降低了井下超前钻探的工作量。

... 此过程的关键,是要进行修正拟合和干扰校正^[14,15,16] ...

2005

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时晗. 从电法勘探资料分析宋楼煤矿主斜井突水因素[J]. 物探与化探, 2005, 29(2): 135-137.

Based on D. C. exploration data obtained in the principal inclined shaft of the Songlou coal mine and geological and hydrogeological conditions of the coal well, the author holds that the cause of water bursting in the principal inclined shaft should be underground karst water derived from Quaternary sandy gravel water-bearing horizon and deep horizons. Through electric exploration, the fissure-developed zone, water-rich area and water gushing position were located. After performing mud grouting water exclusion measures at these places, the production was resumed.

No. 1 Geological Party, Henan Bureau of Coal Field Geology, Xinzheng 451150, China

根据宋楼煤矿主斜井直流电法勘探资料及矿井地质及水文地质条件的分析,煤矿主斜井突水原因应该是来自第四系砂砾石含水层及深层地下岩溶水。通过电法勘探确定裂隙发育带、富水区域、涌水部位,对此处实施钻孔注浆堵水后,恢复生产。

... 此过程的关键,是要进行修正拟合和干扰校正^[14,15,16] ...