Data of anomaly verification, reconnaissance and exploration process were collected from Han-Xing area of Hebei Province from 1959 to 2008 and, on such a basis, Ji C-59-195 aeromagnetic anomaly was selected from the Zhongguan iron ore deposit through optimization. The anomaly was interpreted by such means as aeromagnetic survey, geomagnetism, and electrical sounding. As a result, the whole process of anomaly detection, anomaly verification, anomaly interpretation and inference as well as the course of discovery of the iron ore deposit was revealed. The results obtained by the authors could provide useful information for finding magnetic orebodies and setting up a comprehensive prospecting model.

The large-scale magnetic measurement for the prediction of gold blind orebodies in the depth and lots of field magnetic measurement tests and engineering verifications demonstrate that, during the formation of gold deposit, the thermal energy produced by faulted structure cutting through the depth and the multi-periodic magmatic invasion as well as the movement of the mantle and faulting resulted in the remelting, migration and chilling of the gold-rich wall rocks and thus caused the remigration, redistribution and re-concentration of gold, leading to the decoloration and demagnetization of magnetic rocks along the structural zone and the formation of regional negative magnetic anomaly area. Using the high precision magnetic measurement method and utilizing the intensity and scale of the magnetic anomaly, we can delineate the gold-related segment characterized by relatively strong mineralization and alteration. With some practical examples, the authors describe the concrete working method for applying magnetic measurement method to delineating gold-related mineralization enrichment segment, with the purpose of making the magnetic measurement method play an important role in search for gold-related mineralization-alteration zone.

By means of gravity and magnetic data processing and interpretation of Luannan area, the authors analyzed the metallogenic spatial distribution and the relationship between the magnetic and gravity anomalies in the sedimentary metamorphic iron ore deposits, described the characteristics of magnetic and gravity anomalies in this area which are characterized by banding distribution, expounded the gravity and magnetic anomaly characteristics of Gu'an-Changli fault zone in relation to the distribution of the magnetite. According to the relationship between the distribution of the Sijiaying-Macheng iron deposit and the magnetic and gravity anomalies, the authors made anomaly inversion comparison through drilling verification and demonstrates the ore-related magnetic anomalies in Luannan area. Combined with regional tectonic and magnetic characteristics, the authors summed up the experience obtained in the exploration process of BIF iron ore deposit in this area, and predicted the ore-forming prospect of this type of ore deposits.

Sierra Leone is located in a low magnetic latitude area around the magnetic equator. In view of the fact that the magnetic bodies of ΔT anomaly mainly produce negative anomalies associated with some positive anomalies at the low latitude area which is mainly under the condition of horizontal magnetization, the authors tried to make a comparative study of the magnetic body under the condition of demagnetization effect in combination with local geological conditions without considering remanent magnetism. The authors adopted the method of inverter 180° of experimental data and then made interpretation of the data. The upward continuation of different heights was utilized so as to effectively eliminate the shallow interference and highlight the anomaly characteristics of the deep layer. In combination with maximum gradient method, experience tangent method and Euler's equation method, the buried depth of the magnetic body and the level of general location were determined. Finally, 2.5 D interactive inversion was adopted to fit roughly the shape of the magnetic body. Drilling result is quite consistent with the inference.

Soil radon measurement technology is an effective means for geothermal exploration, and its purpose is to determine the buried faults and the geothermal fluid accumulation area. 1 904 groups of data were collected through measuring soil radon in the study area and by means of point-network control and profile-linear tracing. According to the sources of different loose layers, the authors analyzed the data using the partition and piecewise methods, and discovered significant difference in soil radon in different layers. The soil radon background value is 392.1 Bq/m³ in the metamorphic clastic accumulation, 1 930.2 Bq/m³ in the granite debris, and 1 571.1 Bq/m³ in the syenite and granite melange. The dispersion degree of the data was calculated and the anomaly threshold was determined. And on such a basis, the characteristics of soil radon distribution were analyzed. It is shown that the high value anomaly of soil radon can better indicate the locations of buried faults and geothermal anomalous zones.

Located in Luqu-Chengxian thrust nappe tectonic zone of Qinling orogenic belt, the Gangcha gold deposit is a typical tectonic alteration rock type gold deposit. The surface of the ore deposit controls five ore veins, which vertically extends for over 500 m, with their proven reserves reaching nearly 19 tons. Among them, the third vein is the largest gold vein, which extends almost in north-south direction, with an outcropped length of more than 1 km, an average grade of 2.99×10^-6, and an average thickness of 2.91 m. Based on field investigation, the authors made an analysis of the geochemistry of various elements in relation to the ore veins. Combined with the association regularities of the general geochemical primary halo elements and the distribution characteristics of the single element contrast, the authors determined the element combination characteristics of No. 3 ore vein as follows: Au-Ag-Pb-Zn is the near-ore hole element association, Hg-As is the front halo element association, and Bi-Co-Cu-Ni is the rear halo element association. Based on the above element association characteristics, the authors analyzed the primary halo of the third vein, and the result shows that the characteristics of the axial zonation and superposition are obvious, the mineralization of the vein has southward characteristics, and the superimposed halo has not yet been closed in the extending direction. The authors thus infer that the good prospecting potential may exist in the southern depth of the ore deposit.

The Xiongcun ore district is a large copper-gold ore district in the Gangdise porphyry copper metallogenic belt of Tibet. The No. Ⅰ copper-gold orebody is the earliest discovered orebody in the Xiongcun ore district, followed by the discovery of No. Ⅱ and No. Ⅲ copper-gold orebodies. Geochemical anomalies played a key role in the discovery and preliminary exploration of No. Ⅱ and No. Ⅲ orebodies, and gave important clues to finding the copper-gold exploration area. This paper deals with the characteristics and roles of geochemical anomalies in the exploration of No.Ⅱ and No. Ⅲ orebodies for the purpose of providing references for future prospecting. The summarization of the geochemical prospecting criteria for these deposits is very important in search for the same type of deposits in the Gangdise porphyry copper belt.

The Xitieshan lead-zinc deposit has the largest lead-zinc reserves in China. However, because of complicated topography, the external mineral exploration of this area remains very insufficient. Based on 1:50000 stream sediment survey in an area of 740 km² and 1:50000 high-precision magnetic measurement in an area of 2 053 km², the authors delineated 18 geochemical anomalies and 28 geophysical anomalies. Then after examining the anomalies and analyzing the mineralizing potential, the authors delineated four ore targets, i.e., south of Xiaochaidan Lake, Liuyuangou, Xiangnangou and south of Xitieshan.

Rudong area is rich in saline water characterized by low resistivity, so it is difficult to use tradition DC electrical methods in deep regional survey. V8 has high-power and CSAMT has strong penetrating capability, so they can improve the resolution when the density of frequency increases. In combination with the data of geology and geophysical prospecting, we can infer the structure of heat source water in low-resistivity covers. The results obtained by the authors show that the structure is a good tunnel for heat source. The possibility of the application of the method to the extremely low resistance cover is also discussed in this paper.

Applying IP sounding method to the exploration of underground water in the villages of water shortage in hilly areas of Dongping, the authors made an integrated analysis of the half decay parameter S_t so as to accurately determine the location of the groundwater-bearing structure and the depth of the water-rich strata. The study was in combination with regional hydrogeological conditions and on the basis of the IP parameters, i.e., apparent resistivity ρ_s and polarization rate η_s. Drilling verification shows that the water inflow of per well is more than 60 m³/h, thus solving the difficulties in the water supply for local production and people's livelihood. This study has accumulated experience for underground water exploration in similar regions in the future.

Along the third grade Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn-Ag-Au-Ni-Cr-Co metallogenic belt in Dong Ujimqin Banner-northern Da Hinggan Mountains region of Inner Mongolia, 1：50, 000 soil survey has revealed that there exist Ag, Pb and Zn mesothermal-epithermal element anomalies which are distributed in the semi-ring form around high-temperature elements Sn, W and Mo. The anomalies have high intensity and obvious compositional zoning. The 1：10, 000 soil anomalies delineated by anomaly verification are distributed similar to the above anomalies, but with higher intensity; the concentration centers of Pb, Zn and Ag anomalies indicate the locations of the shallowly-covered Pb-Zn orebodies. The low-resistivity and high-polarizability circular planar anomalies corresponding to the soil anomalies indicate the existence of polarized bodies. It is inferred that there exists a concealed granite-porphyry body in the depth, and this rock body as well as the depth of its endo-and exo-contact zones has fairly promising prospecting potential. Guided by the porphyry metallogenic theory, the authors further found a number of shallowly-covered lead-zinc orebodies, concealed silver orebodies and molybdenum orebodies, and summarized the geological, geophysical and geochemical indicators in search for ore deposits.

Based on processing of data obtained from 1：25 000 stream sediment survey in Gahe River area, the authors delineated anomalies of such elements as Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Au, As, Sb, Cr, Ni and Co, detected the distribution characteristics of the anomalies in the study area, evaluated the ore-prospecting significance of the anomalies, and determined the element association. In combination with the metallogenic geological background and according to the geochemical composite anomalies and association features of mesothermal-epithermal elements, four perspective areas in search for Pb, Ni and Ti deposits were determined, from which No. 3 Pb target area and No. 4 Ti and Ni key target area were delineated through optimization.

The seismic signal received by sensors is very weak because the energy is absorbed and attenuated by subsurface and deep layer during signal propagating. The high frequency component was much more seriously absorbed and attenuated than low frequency component. The key issues for high density seismic acquisition are to receive and identify low reflection coefficient or high frequency weak signal. In this paper, the relationship of weak signal to subsurface, dominant frequency, offset and deep target layer was analyzed based on a typical elastic-viscoelastic earth model. The results show that it is very difficult to give expression to the advantages of broad band frequency in high density seismic acquisition in the area with strong subsurface attenuation and low S/N ratio due to the existence of the cut off frequency. Good condition excitation can improve weak signal energy and give more contribution to broaden frequency band. The effective reflection coefficient can be better presented in small and middle receiver-source offset and can be well extracted.

In order to fit diverse conditions of complex surface area, researchers usually jointly use different kinds of sources and detectors for acquisition. The working mode difference between various acquisition systems results in varied wavelet phases which influence the stacking effect seriously. In this paper, the accurate phase of seismic wavelet was obtained by using bispectrum based on high order statistics to reconstruct the mixed-phase spectrum of the wavelet. When there are two seismic data with complete waveform consistency, the cross-correlation result was performed as zero-phase wavelet, otherwise, it was expressed as non-zero-phase wavelet. The phase difference between the two seismic data could be determined by determining the difference between non zero-phase wavelet and zero-phase wavelet. The results show that the vibrator and explosives have 90° phase difference, the velocity detector and piezoelectric detector show 90° phase difference, and the difference between air gun and vibrator is uncertain.

As an improved algorithm of empirical mode decomposition (EMD), ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) can suppress the mode mixing effect existing in EMD and restrain interfering noise in available signal. The improvement effect and anti-jam capability were proved through theoretical tests in this paper. The seismic data from a block in eastern China was decomposed by using EEMD, and the result contained intrinsic mode functions (IMF) with different frequencies, the IMF most sensitive to glutenite was found combined with geological conditions, and the instantaneous attributes of the IMF were calculated by using Hilbert transform. A comparison of the instantaneous frequency of the IMF with that of the raw data shows that the former is more sensitive to fluid interface than the latter.

As a radiation sampling method, X-ray fluorescence measurement is widely used in ore prospecting for extracting anomaly information in situ. With the development of X-ray fluorescence measurement technology, varied working methods are proposed, such as soil XRF, rock XRF, shallow drill XRF and micro-area XRF. In this paper, soil XRF, shallow drill XRF and micro-area XRF were used for aeromagnetic anomaly survey. The result shows that magnetite and limonite-rich andesite in the contact zone are the main factors responsible for aeromagnetic anomaly in Tekesi, and this result is of good guiding significance for rapid and effective aeromagnetic anomaly verification and ore-prospecting work.

For the purpose of quantified evaluation of the dynamic performance index of the aeromagnetic measurement system, the back-and-forth repeated linear measurement style is usually adopted to test the working stability and consistency of the system; nevertheless, there exist no definite quantified criteria for repeated linear measurement data in the standards available. In this paper, the author made an objective analysis of the reasons for the deviation of the repeated linear magnetic field measurement data, summed up the calculation method for the mean-square deviation of the aeromagnetic repeated linear measurement data and compiled corresponding calculation software. According to the calculation results of the mean-square deviation interior coincidence precision of the repeated linear measurement data, the dynamic measurement precision index and the working condition of the instrument was evaluated objectively.

The electrical column structure model is usually used to represent the longitudinal variation of electrical characteristics within a region. When we analyze the overall electrical characteristics by regional MT sounding data, it is difficult to get satisfactory regional electric characteristics through one-dimensional inversion by using single TE, TM, and mean of TE with TM data conventionally. The equivalent apparent resistivity method is used to calculate equivalent apparent resistivity below the station based on the impedance tensor plural rotate invariantly. The calculation result is not dependent on the change of surface measuring azimuth. In areas with very complex geological conditions, the use of equivalent apparent resistivity method can obtain the longitudinal electrical structure of the region. Taking northeast MT array "standard station" as an example, the authors designed a very complex three-dimensional model according to the measured data. Studies show that the equivalent apparent resistivity method has better resolution in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, as shown by model forward and inversion calculation and comparison experiments. The authors applied the method to the construction of electrical column structure at the northeast MT array standard station and achieved a good application effect.

The problem whether the grid subdivision is suitable or not constitutes a prerequisite for the accuracy of the inversion results. Using different models and different inversion methods, the authors made a comparative study to detect the effects of two different grids on the accuracy of inversion. The employment of the two different ways of grid subdivision shows that, on the whole, the coarse grid has higher simulation precision than the fine grid in the depth, but at the starting stage of near-surface, the amplitude of fluctuation of the coarse grid and that of the fine grid are both relatively large, i.e., both obviously deviate from the normal value. The simulation accuracy of the fine grid is better than that of the coarse grid. The overall change in the coarse grid is more smooth than the fine grid, and the inversion accuracy of the coarse grid for the anomalous body of low resistance is better; nevertheless, for abnormal body of high resistance, the inversion accuracy is poorer, and the value widely deviates from the real value.

Most instruments of transient electromagnetic method (TEM) can survey three-component field at the same time; nevertheless, the current interpretation technique is only based on the vertical component. In order to use the information of three-components, the authors introduced a constrained inversion method with the three-component field data. The basic idea is to get the full-zone apparent resistivity from the three components of TEM and, on such a basis, to establish the initial model and use the conjugate gradient method to realize three-component inversion. The first step is to take the loop as the superposition of many electric dipoles so as to get the three-component responses of the loop on the basis of electric dipole superposition. Besides, the definition of the full region and all time apparent resistivity can be deduced. After that, the smoking ring theory is adopted to get the apparent depth, which is finally taken as the initial model in inversion. Lastly, the conjugate gradient method is used to realize three-component constrained inversion. Some models were used to test the apparent resistivity definition, and the results show that the apparent resistivity curves match well with the given models. Then based on the apparent resistivity results, the authors established an initial model and used three-component constrained inversion to conduct the inversion of layered models. The final results match well with the given models.

A kind of miniaturized GPR antenna was designed through complex loading to the bow-tie dipole. The introduction of multiple loading methods not only makes the antenna acquire the performance of broadband but also greatly decreases the size of antenna compared with the theoretical calculation size. By introducing back cavity behind the antenna, the directivity and anti-jamming capability of the antenna are enhanced. The designed antenna possesses a 1.5 GHz~4 GHz frequency band width and a good direction. The designed antenna is successfully applied to the antenna system of 2.2 GHz LTD series of GPR. This designed antenna can be also used in the dangerous liquid goods inspection system of 3 GHz LTD series of GPR.

According to the characteristics of double-sensor data, the authors obtained the sea bottom reflection coefficient and calibration operator through hydrophone and geophone seized near offset common geophone stack profiles, and merged the hydrophone and geophone data, thus effectively suppressing the reverberation and at the same time compensated the lost frequency in hydrophone data. The real data of a shallow sea area was processed using this method, with good application effect achieved.

The Geopolariton Sensing Technology is brought forward by Bogdanov Yu.A, Ukraine. It's a new natural source geophysical exploration technology. Compared with conventional geophysical electromagnetic exploration technologies, It has advantages of portable equipment, flexible observation mode, speedy and low cost survey. This paper has analyzed it's theory, equipment, method of data acquirement, processing and interpretation, and provided the experiment results in Hebei and Shanxi oil fields. It has provided reference to develop domestic new geophysical exploration technology.

The dipole shear wave can get the primary wave, shear wave and Stoneley wave in the formation, and the geophysical information obtained can be used to evaluate the anisotropy of formation, especially the anisotropy of oil-gas reservoir caused by fracturing, and to diagnose the formation reconstruction effect of fracturing operation. Contrasting the logging data of the dipole shear wave before fracturing with those after fracturing in oil-gas well of Ordos basin shows that the dipole shear wave crossing casing can be used to analyze the actual effect of fracturing. It will become a conventional logging technology to evaluate fracturing effect of oil-gas well and to detect cracks of oil-gas well.

Seismic exploration has been conducted fairly well in eastern China, and has mostly entered into the second 3D and 3D seismic acquisition phase. With the development of such geophysical technologies as width azimuth and high-density acquisition method, a accurate migration image is required to improve substantially velocity analysis accuracy. If the acquisition cost is not increased in eastern China, such an aim can't be achieved. Therefore, this paper presents a width azimuth and high density acquisition method, which was applied to Z42 burial hill structure in Jizhong depression. This method could position the viewing direction of objective 3D acquisition perpendicular to directions of the second 3D by means of 3D data amalgam of different periods, so as to achieve width azimuth and high-density data sampling and eventually improve seismic imaging results.

The Runge-Kutta method is a common technology for solving the Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) and is characterized by high precision, strong stability and some other advantages. In this paper, based on a new four-stage fourth order Runge-Kutta method, the authors first combined the four-stage calculation formula with a new two-stage iteration formula, thus achieving the purpose of saving computational memory. And then, the time high-order discrete form of the acoustic wave equation was derived and, in combination with the pseudospectral method, some researches on the high-accuracy and high-definition acoustic wave field simulation technology of the four-stage fourth order Runge-Kutta time high-order pseudospectral method were carried out, with an investigation of the stability and dispersion of the method. Finally, homogeneous media, layered media and lens model were selected for wave field simulation test. The simulation results show that the four-stage fourth order Runge-Kutta time high-order pseudospectral method has strong stability and high wave field definition and can effectively remove the dispersion and adapt itself to large simulation parameter range, thus being a high efficient wave field simulation method with great application potential.

With the enhancement and innovation of magnetometers, the formulation of a reasonable and scientific magnetic measurement regulation becomes extremely necessary in today's magnetic work, . The revision of magnetic regulation or magnetic work regulation should meet two requirements: one is that the code regulated is clear and definite, and the other is that the code is easily executed by production units under the prerequisite of high working quality. This paper deeply probes into the regulation item of checking method for magnetic survey quality in "Code of Ground High Precision Magnetic Measurement Technique", and puts forward the related understanding and suggestions on the basis of data analysis and referring to textbooks' requirement, in combination with the special experimental results obtained by the authors.

The existing test of rock and ore samples of electric parameter instrument, there are test accuracy is poor, the test results often vary.Particularly good conductivity metal ores, ore of the measured electrical parameter is not the true value, difference of up to several orders of magnitude, which is electric (magnetic) prospecting method is very unfavorable.This paper presents test electrical parameters should conditions and requirements, developed the WXE type test system electrical parameters of rocks and minerals, can greatly improve the electrical parameters for channel ore testing accuracy.

Deep soil and its geochemical significance in multi-objective investigation are hot topics among environmental scientists. The author compared 54 indexes and their geochemical distribution characteristics in surface soil and deep soil of Dongting plain and hillock area, and studied the element content variation from natural differentiation and anthropogenic influence in the pedogenic process. With deep soil as the reference, the author obtained regional soil geochemical background value and baseline and proposed a method for the classification of surface soil pollution levels.

Satellite remote sensing technology has a lower detection depth on salinization soil monitoring, it can not meet the actual demand of salinization soil management. This study explored the salinization soil detection method using 100 MHz low-frequency ground penetrating radar (GPR), determined that 100 MHz GPR electromagnetic wave propagation velocity has a significant correlation relationship with soil salt content or soil conductivity of each soil layer. The result of regression analysis between GPR electromagnetic wave propagation velocity and salt content or conductivity of each soil layer proved that electromagnetic wave propagation velocity of GPR can be used to estimate soil salt content or soil conductivity quantitatively with a good accuracy, furthermore, low-frequency microwave GPR has a deeper detecting depth. This study provided a reference for salinization soil detection using low-frequency GPR quantitatively, and supplied a new technical method for salinization soil detection.

In view of the situation that heavy metal content of "five kinds of traditional Chinese medicinal materials in Pan'an" exceeds the standard, the authors carried out systematic "rock-soil-medicinal material" research and, based on agro-geological environmental survey, investigated geographical environment of Pan'an. The results show that rocks have experienced strong eluviation in the weathering and soil-forming process, which results in the loss of Ca and Mg and enrichment of Cd and Cu. Soil acidification is obvious, and soil pH values tend to decrease from soil parent layer, leached layer to plough layer. The excessive Cu and Cd in the traditional Chinese medicinal material results from relative accumulation of Cu and Cd in the surface soil and the increased soil acidity.

Use Photoshop software will originally framing the topography and geological map of joining together into a whole figure, the quality of the stitching and often can not meet the requirement of precision. The author based on the MAPGIS software platform, the framing of the terrain geological map for Mosaic, synthesis of a whole map. Through the method of registration and cutting of the raster file and according to the coordinates of corresponding points, the authors spliced several pieces of geological maps together. The method is mainly applicable to older geological maps without the vector quantization. On such a basis, the actual coordinates of the original work can be read, and the known coordinates are used to layout engineering or plan the exploration area, so as to improve the accuracy of geological work.

Geological radar, which is nondestructive, fast, convenient and economical, are widely used in the field of archaeology and cultural relics protection. In order to find out the rock fractures surrounding Fenxian temple, the distribution of fracture zones in rock mass and the Quaternary overburden thickness at the top of Fengxian temple so as to provide the basis data for ooze water prevention and control of Fengxian temple, the authors employed the geological radar non-destructive testing technology to the protection engineering of Fengxian temple. This paper expounds the basic principle of geological radar and detection methods and focuses on the application of geological radar to the Fengxian temple's protection engineering. The detection results show that the rock mass at the top of the Fengxian temple is complete, and the crack and fracture zones between the Giant Buddha and the Fairy Cave are numerous, forming the crossed network seepage channel. At the top of Fengxian temple, the Quaternary overburden is concave, which is conducive to the rain water storage and retention, with the thickness between 1.0~2.2 m. The engineering practice indicates that using geological radar to survey the distribution of fracture zones of rock mass and the Quaternary overburden thickness is feasible, and that the geological radar has considerable application prospect in rock and soil conservation.

The Yaochong molybdenum deposit is a medium-sized deposit, in which hydrogeological work has been done. For the purpose of investigating the properties of the aquifer, especially the relationship of the "V"-shaped fracture to the weathering fissure aquifer and the fracture veined aquifer, the authors used EH-4 to conduct profile measurement of the "V"-shaped fracture. The results show that the four electromagnetic sounding profiles measured in the Yaochong mining area can clearly detect the distribution and influencing range of the "V"-shaped fracture zone, that the audio-frequency magnetotelluric sounding can better solve the problem of the unification between the weathering fissure aquifer and the fracture veined water, and that the essential factors of the aquifer such as its thickness and its geological boundary can be demonstrated quite audio-visually. The results obtained by the authors can play a considerable role in the prediction of the inflow of water in the mining area in the future.

Pangushan area is an important mining area inYudu-Ganxian ore district in which tungsten and tin formed, and the faults structure and granite body have great influnce in orebody formed in this mining area. The purpose of this study in which the faults structure and granite body distribution of the study area are researched useing gravity and magnetic data is to provide geophysical basis for deep prospecting. We, in this paper, have done the following work: ① the plane position of the faults structure is inferred using the technique of normalizing the total horizontal derivative of vertical derivative of the gravity anomaly; ② the vertical first derivative of gravity anomaly is inversed using Euler deconvolution method, and the average depth of the faults structure is inferred; ③ the plane position of the granite body is inferred using the vertical first derivative of gravity and magnetic anomalies; ④ the intersection position of the granite body is inferred using the forward and inversion techniques of 2.5D gravity and magnetic profile data in human-computer interaction by RGIS software, and the correctness of interpretation results is verified using borehole data; ⑤ the spatial position of the granite body is showed using the model editing module of 3D gravity and magnetic anomalies area data by RGIS software. The results show that Pangushan area has exposed faults, buried faults, exposed low density and weak magnetic granite body, buried low density and strong magnetic granite body. The granite body distribution is controlled by the faults structure, and the orebody distribution is jointly controlled by the faults structure and granite body.

Every kind of geophysical exploration method has the problem of multiple solutions. In order to improve the reliability of interpretation results, give full play to the advantages of each method, and make the best of geological exploration results, the authors conducted integrated exploration of ore deposit and geology in the Jiazishan area, which included high precision magnetic method, IP measurement and controlled source audio-frequency electromagnetic sounding geophysical prospecting, thus achieving good exploration results. Drilling verification demonstrated that at the depth of 765 m there exists an ore layer 26 m in thickness, with the highest grade of molybdenum being 5%. The low-resistivity zone detected by controlled source audio-frequency magnetotelluric sounding can be regarded as good geophysical prospecting marks, and the apparent chargeability anomaly of IP medium gradient and the gradient belt of high precision magnetic survey can also serve as important indicators for ore-prospecting. Therefore, the combination of CSAMT anomaly, apparent chargeability anomaly and high-precision magnetic anomaly can serve as an important criterion in search for concealed silver and molybdenum orebodies. The use of integrated geophysical exploration methods has a guiding significance in mineral exploration of this area.

To promote the application of airborne TEM in search for polymetallic deposits in covered areas, the authors chose known VMS as the test area. The results show that the low-resistivity anomalies in inversion RDI had the same position as the ground drilling profiles, and that the airborne TEM anomalies delineated by the TAU and the resistivity at the depth of 400 m matched with the known major ore distrct. It is thus held that this method can detect the conductor associated with metals such as VMS and hence this method is worthy of promotion for deep exploration in China.

A UAV-borne magnetic field trial survey was carried out in the Duobaoshan ore district, Heilongjiang Province, by using a novel fixed-wing UAV-borne magnetic system developed by IGGE. It is for the first time that a commercial trial survey by a UAV-borne magnetic system is reported in China. The field data quality, including dynamic magnetic noise and flight quality, accords well with the survey standard of the manned airborne magnetic survey. The advantages of UAV-borne survey, such as fully autonomous flight, precisely-controlled flight quality, longer survey range, low flight clearance and all-weather operational capability, have been achieved. It will be a practical technique for the geophysical exploration.

Northeast China is located in the overlapping parts of Ancient Asia tectonic domain and Pacific tectonic domain, and the region has experienced multiperiodic tectonic activities and strong magmatism. Plate collage and orogenesis occurred in pre-Mesozoic, and interplate tectonic transformation took place in Mesozoic-Cenozoic; in addition, there are some complex geological structures. To detect the lithosphere electrical structure of the region, the authors conducted the crust-mantle electrical structure study by a data management system of MT results. The crust-mantle electrical information of Northeast China was extracted by use of the query function and the searching function of the management system. The crust low-resistivity layer distribution and the lithosphere's thickness distribution of the study area were obtained by processing the information obtained. Some conclusions have been reached: ① The lithosphere thickness change is characterized by the relative thinness in the east and comparative thickness in the west. ②Different basins and mountains show different uplift-depression lithosphere characteristics. ③ The asthenosphere uplift in Jingbo Lake volcanic area and the uplifting might have been related to magma upwelling. This information could provide support for the study of regional tectonic evolution and dynamics.

Borehole TEM is widely used in deep prospecting and has achieved fruitful results;nevertheless, qualitative and semi-quantitative interpretation is mainly used in borehole TEM data Interpretation at present, which restrictes the use and popularization of this method to a large extent. In view of this situation, the authors studied pure anomaly inversion of TEM based on current filament by using genetic algorithm.With this method, we can accurately determine the size, dip and center coordinates of the in-hole or off-hole abnormal body.The inversion results of sheet model forwarded by Maxwell software and measured data further prove the correctness and applicability of the algorithm.

Late Eocene beach bar sandstone constitutes an important reservoir type in Dongying depression. As the beach bar sandstone is thin and interbedded with mudstone, it is difficult to identify it from normal seismic data. Aimed at solving the key issues of the beach bar sandstone existent at the development stage, the authors proposed the employment of a variety of geophysical methods such as frequency division multiple attribute dimension reduction and reflection coefficient inversion to solve the problem of effective reservoir microscopic description. The transformation from qualitative prediction to quantitative prediction is realized in the beach bar sandstone reservoir prediction studies. These methods have certain promoting significance for the description of the same sedimentary type.