The past, present and future of the satellite magnetic survey have been dealt with in this paper. Magnetic satellites (Magsat, Oersted, CHAMP) and six satellite magnetic anomalies detected by the three satellites and related to tectonic units in the continental and sea areas of China are also described and compared with each other.

Geophysical prospecting techniques have been increasingly used in various aspects of exploration work. They can also be used in the monitoring, prediction, prevention and tackling of geological hazards. In this paper, the application effects of such geophysical methods as GPR, electric method and seismic exploration are discussed and he application effects of other methods are also summarized. Some problems concerning geological hazard exploration are put forward at the end of this paper.

The soil natural thermoluminescence is a nuclear technology characterized by deep penetration capacity. It can detect underground deep geophysical information. This paper describes the principle of the soil natural thermoluminescence. The surveying results along two known profiles prove its feasibility in search for deep granite type uranium deposits. The surveying results show that the soil natural thermoluminescence is reliable and is an effective means in search for deep concealed uranium deposits.

In order to understand the elasticity difference between diorite porphyrite and plagioclase granite porphyry and to investigate the possibility of forming reflection, the authors carried out rock and ore sample measurement and well logging in the most representative Tuwu Yandong porphyry copper deposit. According to the statistics of density, velocity and electrical properties of the specimens in combination with geological characteristics and mineralogical data obtained from cores and well logging, the physical properties of the main ores and rocks as well as the differences between them are systemically studied. On such a basis, the most effective geophysical prospecting method is proposed for exploration of this kind of deposits and for development of seismic exploration in metallic ore deposits. The technique can also be used as a new means in search for ore deposits in western China.

In the known oil and gas field of the Dagang oilfield,there exist very good anomaly demonstrations over all targets of geochemical exploration.It is proved that geochmical prospecting can catch true geochemical information reflecting oil and gas fields,and is very effective in looking for and locating oil gas fields and determining their sizes.According to anomaly characteristics,this paper has summed up the geochemical anomaly model for the Dagang oilfield.It provides geochemical basis for the development of geochemical prospecting work.

With the discovery of the Longweigou porphyry copper and gold deposit in Qinghai Province as an example, this paper deals with the application of X fluorescence survey to the anomaly inspection in cold desert areas. It is held that such a technique has bright future in anomaly inspection of cold desert areas and hence deserves popularization in such landscape areas.

The author has systematically summarized and derived the advanced theory of continuous complex potential wavelet transform mentioned in many papers abroad and put forward the analytical expression of continuous complex potential wavelet transform of gravity field caused by an inclined prism source. Cauchy wavelet transform of gravity field due to homogeneous gravity sources is equivalent to combination of upward continuation with derivatives of gravity field of any order and obeys a double scaling law. The geometry, depth and dip of causative sources can be simultaneously inverted using wavelet transform coefficients modulus along modulus maximal lines. Conclusions are tested on lots of synthetic modeling field sources by self reliantly written programs. Continuous complex potential wavelet transform provides a new kind of approach and is useful to automation processing, inversion and interpretation of magnetic and gravity fields.

Using the velocities of P wave and S wave obtained from P wave and S wave VSP logging and based on the velocity model constructed from the least squares error, the authors have established the velocity parameters of P wave, S wave and converted wave in Jiyang area. With the converted wave velocity parameter, the interpretation precision of multiple wave data in Yanjia area has been raised. The velocity relationship between the P wave and the S wave deduced from various data provides basic data for the performance of mutiple wave exploration in this region.

Intensive petroleum oil and gas geochemical exploration is an application technology used at the late stage of oil and gas exploration. With this technology, the oil and gas potential of the traps defined by detailed geochemical and geological survey can be evaluated, and the optimum drilling targets can be determined. Intensive petroleum geochemical exploration technology consists of sampling, analyzing, information picking up and interpreting. In this paper, the authors have discussed the background for developing intensive petroleum geochemical exploration technology. On the basis of a discussion on the application results in east and central China, this paper deals with the prospects of applying this technology to oil and gas exploration in western China.

A new prospecting method for gold and silver is put forward in this paper. A mixed extraction agent is adopted, partial extraction of geochemical secondary halo samples is performed with chelatometric absorbent, and liquid bead extraction colorimetry is used to determine gold and silver content. In this way, the aim of direct prospecting for gold and silver can be achieved. This technique is characterized by simple and rapid operation, simple device, and can overcome the "grain gold effect" in geochemical gold exploration.

Using the biogeochemical method, the authors made regional botanogeochemical experimental researches in the Gongpoquan copper ore district of Beishan area. It is shown that some desert plants have good ore-indicating significance to some elements in their living environments, that the plants of that area demonstrate especially strong correlation with copper in Quaternary coarse fragments within ravines and valleys, and that their regional distribution also assumes some similarity. In some districts, plants are comparable with coarse fragments in contents of such elements as Zn, As and Co. It is also concluded that in vegetation survey of this area, Cu, Zn, Ag and Pb have ore-prospecting indicator significance, whereas Mo, As and Co have no special tracing significance for copper deposits.

A new generation of data acquisition system for the high precision multi-frequency electric method has been developed. In hardware, the system adopts 24-bit A/D conversion device, large scale programmable gate array and low power dissipation PENTIUM-166 PC-104 embedded industrial computer. In software, it employs object oriented software designing and analysis, WINDOWS programming and mixed programming technique characterized by diversified programming languages. In data processing, such means for strengthening the signal to noise ratio as digital filtering and correction detection are utilized so as to suppress various kinds of interference in an effective way. This system can be used in varied electric exploration techniques such as resistivity method, IP method (time domain or frequency domain), complex resistivity method and CSAMT method.

The successful application of the 3-D finite element method for numerical modeling makes it possible to study the lateral inhomogeneous body. This paper mainly discusses the influence of the lateral 3-D inhomogeneous body upon the approximate resistivity. The anomaly characteristics of the inhomogeneous body are shown by four kinds of resistivity sounding methods. The anomaly differences between the objective and the inhomogeneous body are also illustrated. It is pointed out that the influence of the inhomogeneous body is one of the chief causes responsible for the false resistivity anomaly.

In Bayan Hot basin of northern China, igneous rocks are characterized by small varying range, small thickness and deep burial depth. Their gravity and magnetic anomalies are weak, and they do not have remarkable resistivity anomalies. They fail to form continuous and strong lineup and hence cannot be distinguished by a single geophysical prospecting method. With high precision gravity and magnetic data and magnetotelluric sounding data, however, we can determine their locations and burial depths. Using logging data of X1 log, the authors made synthetic seismic record to analyze the seismic wave characteristics of the igneous rocks, and then set up the training swatches of BP Neural Network to analyze the distribution of the igneous rocks. It is proved that the synthetic geophysical interpretation is an effective method for improving the geophysical inversion and interpretation.

Exemplified by the test line of low-velocity zone survey in Xianxi district, this paper has probed into the problems existent in the shallow-layer refractometry and mini log method and discussed the factors responsible for these problems and the errors of the interpretation result caused by these problems. It is hoped that this paper may be of some help to field seismic technicians.

The tangent technique of Δ T profile magnetic anomaly is a kind of traditional effective method for calculating buried depths of magnetic plates in intermediate-high magnetic latitude areas. Based on this method, the authors put forward the "reverse tangent" technique of Δ T profile negative magnetic anomaly for calculating buried depths of magnetic plates in low magnetic latitude areas, and demonstrate its theoretic correctness. By means of such a "reverse tangent" technique, the traditional tangent technique of Δ T profile magnetic anomaly and its coefficient tables in the intermediate-high magnetic latitude area can be directly used to calculate the buried depth of the magnetic plate which usually produces Δ T profile negative magnetic anomaly in the low magnetic latitude area.

This paper has dealt in detail with the principle of the probability imaging technology, made imaging simulation for some simple and regular models, and analyzed the influence of the selection, resolution power and limitation of the scanning functions upon the resolution power of the probability imaging technology.

Based on an analysis of 1:200000 geochemical data of elements related to the growth of animals and plants in five major panda protection zones of Sichuan Province,it is held that Fengtongguo and Wolong have the best ecological environment,Tangjiahe and Xiaozhaizi occupy the second place in this aspect,and Wanglang has both useful and toxic elements. On the whole,these protection zones have good ecological environments and are favorable for the growth and development of pandas.

Migration velocity modeling can be implemented in various kinds of gathers. This paper puts forward the migration velocity modeling method in common focus point gathers based on the principle of equal traveltime and the differential time shift analysis. The updating of the migration velocity is realized by using model parameter constrained iterative inversion. The parameterization of the model can be determined by actual geological structure. A new parameter, i.e., the vertical velocity gradient, is selected to fit the lateral velocity variation. The test of the depressed model proves that the relative error of migration velocity is lower than 0.25%, and the absolute error of reflector depth is lower than 10 meter.

This paper discusses the construction of the surface electrical survey database by means of the SQL Server relative database management system according to the classification of the surface electrical survey and the structure of the data, and also deals with the development of the database management system for achieving modernized management of the surface electrical survey data by using visual basic language.