This paper has given a brief review of the general conditions, the main technological development and the application results of airborne geophysical survey in departments of national land and resources during the period of the Ninth Five Year Plan, and made an analysis and prognosis of the further development trend of airborne geophysical exploration in China.

Based on a study of the quality problem that exists in sample analysis for 27 projects of regional geochemical survey,the author holds that the unsatisfactory analytical quality is mainly attributed to loose understanding and implementation of the quality control and quality monitoring stipulated in DZ/T0167-95 Standard. In the light of the characteristics of sample analysis in regional geochemical survey, this paper puts forward for colleagues' reference some understanding and opinions concerning the selection of analytical techniques,the aim and types of quality monitoring,and the differentiation and processing of systematic errors.

The different altitudes upward continuation of the recently surveyed aeromagnetic anomalies in central and western Qinghai Tibet plateau revealed an extremely distinct NNEtrending negative magnetic anomaly zone in the eastern part of the surveyed area, i.e., in the vast area extending from Qaidam southwestward within central Qinghai Tibet plateau. According to an analysis of the aeromagnetic regional field in combination with man made earthquake, Moho depth calculated by gravity, hydrothermal activity, recent volcanic activity, morphologic characteristics and natural seismic activity, it is held that the upward migration of deep heat flow in NNEdirection caused local melting of magma and hence the rising of geotemperature in the lower part of the upper crust, which led to the demagnetization at the bottom of the magnetic bed, the appearance of negative magnetic anomalies, and the acceleration of the uplifting of Qinghai Tibet plateau. All this has provided new evidence for the study of the formation and evolution of the plateau.

This paper persents one of the achievements of the project "The study of the characteristics of epigenetic geochemical anomalies and the evaluating system for major landscapes of China". It has summarized the characteristics of epigenetic gold and copper geochemical anomalies (1:200000) in five major landscapes of China and discussed the effect of landscape ies. On such a basis, the evaluating method and the systematic evaluating criteria for regional anomalies are further substantiated and improved, and the quantitative model for systematic evaluation of regional geochemical anomalies are established.

Based on an investigation into the technologies and methods for rock survey in different landscape regions,this paper puts forward a technological and methodological system composed mainly of debris survey,structure rock geochemical survey, vein rock geochemical survey and planar rock geochemical survey.In such shallow cover regions as forest cover areas,eolian sand interference areas and relict mountain gobi areas,debris survey may be adopted to delineate mineralization sectors;in exposed rock areas and worked out mines, structure rock fissure survey and vein rock survey can be employed to trace deep blind orebodies.The planar rock survey is characterized by some merits like collecting and analysing relatively few samples,obtaining abundant information and delineating ore prospecting target areas of different scales.

With the extension of the application of magnetotelluric method, the interference background of the prospecting environment becomes more and more complex. How to obtain the data which can really reflect the geological characteristics and fully dispel noises is becoming an increasingly important problem. Remote reference is one of the best methods for suppressing the noise and improving the signal to noise ratio. This paper describes the theory of remote reference from the angle of signal detection and discusses its application in suppressing various sorts of noises.

Aseries of integrated geophysical exploration techniques were tentatively used in the Xiaorequanzi copper ore district, of which the high precision gravity, high precision magnetic method and IPintegrated techniques played important roles in further exploration of the ore deposit. The setting up of an integrated prospecting model proved to be very important in the exploration work of the ore district in2000.

The Hailimin fluorite deposit in Inner Mongolia is of hydrothermal vein type, whose fluorite quartz orebodies are controlled by a NWtrending faulted zone. The very low frequency electromagnetic method (VLF EM) was used to conduct ore prospecting studies in the ore district. As a result, distinct very low frequency electomagnetic anomalies were detected over the known orebodies, which proves the effectiveness of this method in search for such type of fluorite deposits. In the concealed area, the very low frequency electromagnetic anomaly reveals that the ore controlling faulted zone remains existent, which is likely to contain fluorite orebodies.

This paper describes the main difficulties in conducting three dimensional seismic exploration under the complex surface condition of lakes and swamps, and puts forward corresponding technical measures for guaranteeing the quality of field data acquisition and in door data processing. Based on the summarization of field data acquisition and data processing as well as a comparison between the structures surveyed before and after the exploration, the paper points out that the three dimensional work carried out by the authors not only proves to be effective in such surface complex areas as lakes, swamps and willow forests, but also provides experience for future three dimensional coalfield seismic exploration work in complex areas.

The amplitude values at a certain moment in a seismic record received at a shotpoint and a detection point might come from reflections of various points on an underground ellipsoid, which has the shotpoint and the detection point as its focuses, and the connected line of the shotpoint point and the detection point as its major axis. When stacking is performed, such amplitude values should be added at various points on the ellipsoid instead of being merely added at the CMP. Of course, the amplitude values are different at different points. The utilization of such a stacking method can realize the stacking of common reflection points, and is hence conducive to the stacking image formation and also to the improvement of resolution power and the signal to noise ratio.

With the 3Dcoherence cube technique, the seismic exploration has nearly made a new breakthrough in the seismic data interpretation. Compared with the previous methods, this technique is effective in solving such geological problems as faults and some special lithologic bodies. By calculating coherency between seismic traces, we can realize the conversion from 3Damplitude data to coherence attribute data. However, as the running time of the traditional methods is always very long, such methods can not satisfy the practical need. In this paper, the authors, based on an analysis of the basic theory of coherence cube, put forward the recursive method, developed its software and used the technique successfully in the TJHarea of Dagang oilfield.

The Counter Propagation network is excellent in solving the sorted problems. It can sort effectively, and its algorithm is concise. This paper describes in detail the algorithm of CPnetwork and its improvement the addition of error processing and network testing functions. The authors developed its simulated software by using the Visual Basic 6.0 and utilized it to identify the oil water layers. Practice shows that the training period of the improved CPnetwork was short and its identification ratio was very high. It can realize the quick identification of oil-water layers and will hence have a very wide application prospect.

This paper deals mainly with an electromagnetic coupling correction technique for phase IPmethod (dipole dipole, called dipole for short). Its principle is as follows: the apparent resistivity is regarded approximately as uniform terrestrial resistivity, and the direct calculation method for electromagnetic inductive response of dipole device is employed under the uniform terrestrial condition to figure out electromagnetic inductive response; then the inductive response is subtracted from the observed total response so as to attain the aim of electromagnetic coupling correction.

Scientific visualization has been widely and successfully used in such fields as medicine and seismic prospecting. This paper briefly desceibes the concept and research aim of the visualization technology. With a practical example, it tries to make geochemical researchers obtain a vivid idea about this technique and form tentative plans on the application of such a means in their respective research fields.

Based on the principle and theoretical mechanism of remote sensing technology and aeromagnetic technique, in combination with the physical properties and adsorption characteristic spectral bands of iron oxides which widely occur in nature, this paper advances a new opinion concerning the integrated application of remote sensing technology and aeromagnetic technique in the field of geosciences.

In the light of the principle that elevations should be identical at the same water level, it is held that the potential base equivalent elevation which has the same meaning as the potential base ought to be used in the designing and construction of water conservancy projects. Calculation shows that the difference between the currently used elevation and the potential base equivalent elevation is as large as 7 m along the same measuring line with latitude difference 12° and altitude difference nearly 2500 m. Such a large deviation should not be neglected. This paper also puts forward some opinions on the arrangement of gravity points in elevation measurement and the precision of gravity interpolation.

Based on the analysis of composite geophysical data obtained during the frozen earth exploration along the Qinghai Tibet Railway, this paper has set up two representative geophysical models for frozen earth, which are not only conducive to the interpretation of field frozen earth data but also of some guiding significance in future geophysical exploration work of frozen earth areas.

Based on results obtained in the application of shallow seismic method to the detection of strata collapse in mined-out areas of Sanyou Cement Company limited, east Hebei, the present paper describes methods and techniques of shallow seismic exploration adopted for field work, data processing and geological interpretation with the purpose of detecting strata collapse in mined-out areas. The basis of geological interpretation and the prospecting effect of shallow seismic method are also discussed.

The Wuhu Xuancheng part of the Hefei Hangzhou expressway lies in an area of weak soil foundation, which has been reinforced with the deep soil agitating piles. Various methods have been adopted in order to check the quality of cement piles rapidly and exactly. This paper discusses the effects of these methods and compares their characteristics and shortcomings. Based on the results of the study, the authors put forward a combination method for fast and precise inspection of the construction quality.