基于行波分离的VTI介质逆时偏移

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2019.1130

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摘要

现阶段,各向同性介质假设已经不能满足复杂地质构造条件下的成像需求,忽略介质各向异性影响会使速度估计不准确,成像精度降低。为此,笔者从 VTI介质一阶速度—应力方程出发,利用Poynting矢量特性对地震波进行方向行波分离,得出了基于上下行波分离的互相关成像条件,并将其应用在复杂VTI介质中。通过层状模型和SEG/EAGE岩丘模型测试验证了该算法的有效性以及在成像上的优越性;另外,当偏移速度不准确时,本文方法仍能够有效压制偏移噪声,成像质量更佳。

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	郭旭
	黄建平
	李振春
	黄金强
	朱峰

关键词 ： Poynting矢量, 行波分离, VTI介质, 逆时偏移, 一阶方程

Abstract：

Seismic anisotropy characterized by velocity anisotropy will inevitably affect the kinematic characteristics of underground seismic waves.Ignoring the anisotropy of the media will result in inaccurate velocity extraction and thus affect the imaging of target region.In view of such a situation,the authors carried out a study of anisotropy in this paper.According to the first-order velocity stress equation in VTI media,the authors obtained the cross-correlation imaging condition based on wavefield separation which used Poynting vector.Then the authors applied it to complex VTI media,and demonstrated the validity and superiority of the algorithm by numerical experiments.This method produces better images with less noise even for inaccurate migration velocities.

Key words： Poynting vector wavefield separation VTI media RTM first-order equation

收稿日期: 2018-03-23 出版日期: 2019-02-20

P631

基金资助:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(AXDA14010303);国家油气重大专项(2016ZX05002-005-07HZ);国家油气重大专项(2016ZX05014-001-008HZ);山东省青岛市科技计划项目(17CX05011);自主创新科研计划项目理工科(17CX05011)

作者简介: 郭旭(1994-),男,硕士在读,主要从事各向异性偏移成像工作。Email: guozexu1028@163.com

引用本文:

郭旭, 黄建平, 李振春, 黄金强, 朱峰. 基于行波分离的VTI介质逆时偏移[J]. 物探与化探, 2019, 43(1): 100-109.
Xu GUO, Jian-Ping HUANG, Zhen-Chun LI, Jin-Qiang HUANG, Feng ZHU. Reverse time migration in VTI media based on wavefield decomposition. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2019, 43(1): 100-109.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2019.1130 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2019/V43/I1/100

Fig.1 均匀模型

Fig.2 地震波场快照及其Poynting矢量(t=400 ms)
a—波场快照;b—Poynting矢量水平分量;c—Poynting矢量垂直分量

Fig. 3 地震波场分离的行波波场快照(t=400 ms)
a—上行波波场快照;b—下行波波场快照;c—左行波波场快照;d—右行波波场快照

Fig.4 三层模型

Fig. 5 三层模型不同成像条件成像结果对比
a—I_uu(x,z);b—I_dd(x,z);c—I_ud(x,z);d—I_du(x,z);e—I(x,z);f—图e与d之差

Fig. 6 SEG/EAGE岩丘模型
a—真实速度场;b—偏移速度场

Fig. 7 盐丘模型逆时偏移成像结果
a—常规互相关VTI-RTM;b—图a滤波后;c—本文行波分离VTI-RTM;d—图c滤波后;e—本文行波分离后各向同性RTM;f—图e滤波后;g—图a与图c之差

Fig. 8 盐丘顶部白色矩形框放大
a—图7b局部放大;b—图7d局部放大

Fig.9 盐丘内部黑色矩形框放大

Table.1 SEG/EAGE salt模型偏移方法计算效率对比

Fig.10 不准确偏移速度场

Fig.11 速度存在3%误差时成像结果对比
a—常规方法;b—本文方法

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