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物探与化探  2022, Vol. 46 Issue (1): 12-21    DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2022.1076
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航空地球物理勘探在南极调查中的应用
李筱1,2,3(), 佟晶1, 张婉1, 姚国涛1, 张玄杰1
1.中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心,北京 100083
2.自然资源部 航空地球物理与遥感地质重点实验室,北京 100083
3.中国地质大学(北京) 海洋学院,北京 100083
Application of airborne geophysical survey in antarctica
LI Xiao1,2,3(), TONG Jing1, ZHANG Wan1, YAO Guo-Tao1, ZHANG Xuan-Jie1
1. China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resource, Beijing 100083,China
2. Key Laboratory of Airborne Geophysics and Remote Sensing Geology of MNR,Beijing 10083,China
3. School of Ocean Sciences,China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083,China
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摘要 

航空地球物理勘探是认识极地区域构造的重要技术手段。在回顾和分析南极航空地球物理勘探发展历史与现状的基础上,总结归纳了航空地球物理勘探在南极地区取得的主要成果。归纳出南极地壳结构研究、南极古大陆重建与恢复、南极火山与岩浆作用调查和南极冰架与地质相互作用研究等4方面典型实例,航空地球物理勘探为南极地区域地质构造研究提供了有效的技术支撑。目前,南极部分区域仍为航空地球物理勘探的空白区,可将成功的经验应用于下一步的实际工作中,特别是将航空重、磁方法与航空冰雷达探测方法相结合,已成为解决南极冰层与基岩相互作用问题的未来趋势,也为我国南极航空地球物理勘探提供了方向。

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李筱
佟晶
张婉
姚国涛
张玄杰
关键词 航空物探南极地球物理调查现状地球物理应用    
Abstract

Airborne geophysical techniques represent a cost-effective way for obtaining insights into the crustal geology of the Antarctic. Based on the analysis of the history of Antarctic airbrone geophysical survey and development of facilities and fly-platform applied in the survey, this paper gives a review of the leading scientific application topic of airborne geophysical data i.e.,the crustal structure of Antarctica,the reconstruction and restoration of ancient terrains, magmatism and volcanism identification,and the interaction between Antarctica Ice Shelf and bed rock, which shows that airborne geophysical survey provides effective technical support for Antarctica geosciences research.Our research shows that there is still a blank area for geophysical survey. Based on out review, the combination of airborne magnetic, airborne gravity and ice radar data has provide a new solution to the interaction study of Antarctic Ice shelf and bedrock.

Key wordsairborne geophysical survey    Antarctica    current situation of geophysical survey    geophysical data application
收稿日期: 2021-02-09      修回日期: 2021-05-10      出版日期: 2022-02-20
ZTFLH:  P631  
基金资助:自然资源部“航空地球物理与遥感地质重点实验室青年创新基金”(2020YFL27);中国地质调查局公益性地质调查项目“雷琼东部海域航空物探调查”(DD20190210)
作者简介: 李筱(1991-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为海洋地质。Email: 840491636@qq.com
引用本文:   
李筱, 佟晶, 张婉, 姚国涛, 张玄杰. 航空地球物理勘探在南极调查中的应用[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(1): 12-21.
LI Xiao, TONG Jing, ZHANG Wan, YAO Guo-Tao, ZHANG Xuan-Jie. Application of airborne geophysical survey in antarctica. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2022, 46(1): 12-21.
链接本文:  
https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2022.1076      或      https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I1/12
飞行器参数 BT-67 Twin Otter Dornier 228
总长/m 20.7 15.8 16.56
翼展/m 29.0 19.8 16.97
最大起飞质量/kg 13 000 5 670 6 600
可用载荷/kg 3 900 1 941 2 340
燃料储备量/kg 4 686 1 128 5 300
耗油量/(kg·h-1) 500 230 500
标准巡航速度/(km·h-1)
(高度为3810m时)
380 265 315
最大飞行高度/m 7 600 8 137 8 535
最大续航里程/km 3 440 1 705 1 111
续航时间/h ~9 ~5 10
引擎型号 PWC PT6A-67R PWC PT6A-27 TPE-331-5-252D
发动机功率 1424SHP 652SHP 578HP
雪上或陆地上起降能力 轮子或轮子与雪橇结合 轮子、雪橇或轮子与雪橇结合 轮子、雪橇或轮子与雪橇结合
雪上起飞/降落滑行距离/m 760 360 790
飞行员数量 2 2 2
Table 1  极地航空物探固定翼平台性能参数对比
Fig.1  南极地球物理数据覆盖情况[7,8]
a—航空重力数据覆盖情况;b—ADMAP-2航磁数据覆盖情况
Fig.2  TOAST地体的航磁异常与平面范围[15]
a—TOAST地体的航磁异常;b—TOAST地体范围
Fig.3  Enderby盆地东部重、磁震联合反演剖面[17]
Fig.4  基于 Leeuwin模型恢复[24]的160 Ma冈瓦纳大陆南极Wilkes地与澳大利亚近南极侧古大陆对比重建图[23]
a—航磁总场异常;b—均衡剩余重力异常
Fig.5  基于航空重力数据反演得到的Dotson冰架冰下地形[29]
a—南极沿岸冰架接地线示意;b—阿蒙德森海沿岸航空重力异常;c—航空重力数据观测曲线与反演拟合计算曲线;d—基于航空重力数据反演得到的Dotson冰架冰下E-E'剖面地形(粉色为MBES测量数据,黑色为重力反演结果曲线)
Fig.6  南极地热通量分布[33](底图为南极冰下地形)
Fig.7  Taylor峡谷电阻率反演成果(a)与地下水流通解释模式(b)[6]
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